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“Beware of the pigment”
Using some captivating artwork, Iheukwumere Duru describes key features of pigment dispersion syndrome. Pigmentary dispersion syndrome (PDS) leads to pigmentary glaucoma (PG) in approximately 35-50% of patients with the condition [1]. PG is the leading cause of non-traumatic blindness in...Primary eye health care in low- and middle-income countries
2 February 2024
| Clare Gilbert, Ada Aghaji, Oteri Okolo, Covadonga Bascaran, Marcia Zondervan
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EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Strabismus
The need for eyecare services in low- and middle-income countries Recent global estimates (2020) suggest that there is more than a three-fold difference in the prevalence of all categories of visual loss (presenting visual acuity <6/12 in the better eye)...
Sustainability in eyecare: Climate action in eyecare
4 August 2021
| Mitasha Yu, Imran Khan
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EYE - General
Climate change will cause disruption to critical eyecare services and increases in rates of eye disease around the world. The International Agency for Prevention of Blindness has recommended 10 key areas of action on how the eyecare sector can address...
Retinal pigment epithelium tears
1 June 2016
| Sofia Rokerya
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EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
In this paper the authors review the current knowledge of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears. Although rare these can cause loss of visual acuity. They can occur spontaneously in pigment epithelial detachment (PED) due to occult choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), retinal...
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy: from lab to clinic
1 October 2016
| Chrysostomos D Dimitriou
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Hereditary optic neuropathy, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, mitochondrial optic neuropathy, optic neuropathy
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) was the first clinically described mitochondrial disorder (1871). This article reviews the pathophysiology and clinical features of LHON with a focus on translational research. G11778A is currently the most common mutation worldwide and is associated...
Building research capacity through the VISION 2020 LINKS Programme
1 August 2017
| Philip Burgess, Stephen Gichuhi, Simon Arunga, Mike Burdon, Marcia Zondervan, Allen Foster (Prof)
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EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
The aim is to build capacity for research in the region covered by the College of Ophthalmology of Eastern, Central and Southern Africa (COECSA). The project will build research capacity in three ophthalmology training institutions by ‘training the trainers’ and...
ARx - Augmented Reality Headset
2 August 2022
| David Haider
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EYE - General
In a continuing look at wearable technology, for those with sight impairment, for Aug/Sep we are looking at the recently released ARx. In previous issues we have covered the Envision Glasses and the OrCam MyEye. The ARx is a device...
An interview with a glaucoma consultant: Insights for aspiring trainees
2 October 2025
| Chi Kit Yan, Salman Naveed Sadiq
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EYE - Glaucoma
In this article, Resident Doctor Chi Kit Yan sits down with Consultant Glaucoma Specialist Salman Sadiq and explores the daily life of a glaucoma specialist, the pros and cons of the role, how trainees can prepare for this subspecialty, and...
The power of the full blood count
Vishal Shah walks us through his thought process whilst highlighting the importance of routine investigations when dealing with unusual retinovascular presentations. Retinal changes can arise in anaemia, leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndrome. They are often the first manifestation of...Ocular bubbly: a vitreoretinal update on the art of gases
5 April 2022
| Adonis El Salloukh, Alexander Chiu, Sidath Wijetilleka
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EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
The authors remind us of the revolutionary impact gases have had on retinal surgery. In 1938, Rosengren attempted to improve his retina repair surgical outcomes [1]. He discovered that suturing the retina or pressing externally on the sclera were not...
Best way to detect glaucoma progression: by reflecting on the past 25 years
1 June 2018
| Leon Au, Cecilia Fenerty
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EYE - Glaucoma
Glaucoma – a condition of optic neuropathy leading to progressive visual field loss often associated with raised intraocular pressure. It is fair to say that our definition for this condition has remained unchanged over the last 25 years and the...
OCT angiography sign after whiplash
7 December 2020
| Annes Ahmeidat
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EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Berlin’s oedema is a rare condition following blunt ocular injury and a rare finding after whiplash injury. This case describes a 48-year-old male who suffered a seventh vertebrae fracture from a traffic accident. Two days later, decreased left eye visual...

