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My Top Five: Influential ophthalmologists

4 October 2023 | | EYE - General
Ophthalmology has witnessed remarkable evolution and advancements throughout history. The field has undergone dramatic change and development since the times of Ancient Egypt where the first reference to eyes was made in the Code of Hammurabi (2250 BC) [1]. From...

Trans-sinus endoscopic removal of retrobulbar air gun pellet within the orbital apex

2 August 2022 | | EYE - Orbit, EYE - General
Injuries to the eye have been widely reported in medical literature due to a variety of mechanisms causing significant morbidity and occasional unexpected mortality for the patient [1]. It is often wrongly assumed that air gun pellets lack this potential....

Designing ophthalmology services Part 2: How do we address the queues for a clinic?

1 April 2020 | | EYE - General
The first of this three-part series showed how systems engineering can be used to correctly diagnose and address the causes of delays in a clinic. This second article describes how to design a more productive system that meets the new...

A new observation point: updating the nomenclature and classification with OCT

3 June 2021 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
The evolution of ophthalmic imaging technologies has been particularly rapid over the last few years. The author provides an update of the current terms for common signs and pathologies observed using optical coherence tomography. My experience as an ophthalmic technician,...

Uveal melanoma

3 August 2023 | | EYE - Pathology, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Imaging
Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular tumour. However, they are still rare, with an incidence of 2-8 per million [1]. The presence of a choroidal naevus is a risk factor for uveal melanoma [1]. Patients with choroidal lesions...

Paediatric optic disc anomalies

4 December 2025 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Paediatrics
Anomalies of the optic nerve are relatively rare, but account for a significant proportion of sight impairment in children and adults. The recognition of these anomalies by eye health professionals is important not only due to their potential impact on...

Sclerochoroidal calcification masquerading as ocular malignancy

5 April 2022 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
Case 1 A 68-year-old Caucasian gentleman was urgently referred to eye casualty by his optometrist after seeing an unusual incidental finding of protruding lesions from the retina, suspecting choroidal melanoma. He was asymptomatic and this was his first eye test...

A closed angle seldom comes alone

1 June 2017 | | EYE - Glaucoma
Case report An 89-year-old lady with dementia was referred to me out of hours by her GP with a few days history of an angry looking left eye for suspected elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). I discovered that this lady first...

Optic nerve swelling – your survival guide (part 2)

1 December 2017 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
In this second article we will discuss bilateral optic nerve swelling, its aetiology, various investigations and possible treatments. We will also discuss various protocols used in the management of suspected optic nerve swelling cases. (Part one of this topic available...

Understanding and confronting bacterial endophthalmitis

2 December 2019 | | EYE - Cornea, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
Abdus Samad Ansari highlights the importance of early recognition of this condition using an unusual presentation. Endophthalmitis is a medical emergency with devastating consequences. Despite adequate treatment, severe cases frequently result in permanent blindness. Endophthalmitis involves inflammation of both the...

Learnings and trends in the management of open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma

1 August 2017 | | EYE - Glaucoma
To be truly disruptive, newer technologies need to offer a quality of life benefit over medication to a broad population of glaucoma sufferers. Evidence and converging trends in medical and surgical management of glaucoma were explored in counterpoint discussions and...

Resurfacing the ocular surface

1 April 2016 | | EYE - Cornea
The ocular surface (OS) is an anatomical and functional unit made of the tear film, the conjunctival, limbal and corneal epithelium, the lacrimal, mucous and meibomian glands and the lids and blink reflex. The tear film is composed of a...