Journal Reviews

Seminars in Ophthalmology journal cover image

Intravitreal Ziv-Aflibercept: safety analysis

7 December 2020 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous | Diabetic macular edema (DME), Intravitreal ziv, aflibercept (IVZ), Neovascular age related macular degeneration (n, AMD), Ziv, aflibercept, retinal venous occlusion (RVO)

Ziv-Aflibercept (Zaltrap; Sanofi-Aventis U.S LLS, Bridgewater, NJ) was originally introduced as an intravenous formulation for metastatic colorectal cancer. The adoption of Ziv-Aflibercept in ophthalmic practice was similar to bevacizumab, and reports have previously examined one to two year visual outcomes...

Importing iron to the retina

1 October 2017 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous | Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), Ceruloplasmi, Hepcidin, Hephaestin, Iron, Retina, Zip14, Zip8

In the retina, iron is particularly critical for the visual phototransduction cascade. In the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), RPE65 activity leads to 11-cis-retinaldehyde, the photosensitive component of rhodopsin production and iron containing enzymes are necessary for disc replacement in photoreceptor...

Intravitreal injection related endophthalmitis

1 April 2015 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous | Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), endophthalmitis, intravitreal injection, post-injection complications, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

This article reviews the incidence, clinical findings, risk factors, management and visual outcomes in intravitreal injection related endophthalmitis. Incidence of this complication is reported to be in the range of 0.038% to 0.065% (1 in 2000-3000 injections). Patients present typically...