Assessment and management of dry eye disease
This paper is an update on the assessment and management of dry eye disease (DED). According to the second International Dry Eye Workshop 2017, “Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterised by a loss of homoeostasis...
Optical quality difference between monofocal and multifocal intraocular lenses
1 August 2018
| Kurt Spiteri Cornish
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EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive
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Optical quality, cataract, intraocular lenses, monofocal, multifocal
It is well known that multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) can generate more than one focus to restore distance and near vision, but patients may experience adverse optical phenomena such as decreased contrast sensitivity and induced glare or halos. The authors...
Long-term corneal crosslinking results in paediatric eyes
This prospective longitudinal study examined patients 18 years of age or less with progressive keratoconus, who underwent corneal crosslinking and completed 10 years of follow-up. Crosslinking protocol involved removal of epithelium, 10 minutes of riboflavin soaking, followed by 30 minutes...
Phakic iris clip lenses and endothelial cell loss
This retrospective observational study included long-term results on endothelial cell losses in highly myopic eyes, which underwent phakic iris-clip lens implantations. Included in the analysis were 113 eyes with mean preoperative spherical equivalent (SEQ) of -14.67 +/- 5.15 Diopters (D)....
MicroRNA inhibits corneal neovascularisation
1 August 2018
| Graham Wallace
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EYE - Cornea, EYE - General
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Biomechanical stress, Corneal epithelium, MicroRNA-204, Neovascularization, VEGF, VEGFR2
MicroRNAs (miR) are small non-coding RNA that target mRNA for destruction. MiR target about 30% of the protein coding genes and fine tune their expression. MiR have been shown to be involved in several cellular processes including cell cycle, tissue...
Corneal stroma modelling under hypoxic conditions
1 August 2018
| Graham Wallace
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EYE - Cornea, EYE - General
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Confocal fluorescence microscopy, Cornea, Corneal organ culture, Extracellular matrix, Stroma
The cornea is exposed to hypoxia under several conditions including sleep, inflammation and wound healing. Being an avascular tissue to maintain transparency, how the cornea homeostatic controls oxygen tension is important. To address this process two models were utilised; a...
Outcomes of hemi DMEK
This was a prospective, interventional case series of 10 eyes from 10 patients who underwent hemi-descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (hemi-DMEK) for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy. The surgical technique for hemi DMEK procedure was similar to the circular DMEK except that a...
Effect of rebubbling after DMEK
This study objectively evaluated the impact of rebubbling on postoperative corneal clarity and endothelial cell loss (ELD) after DMEK. This was a retrospective analysis of 132 consecutive DMEK cases performed for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy or pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. Patients were...
Beware the disc in myopic patients
1 August 2018
| Eulee Seow
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EYE - Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a chronic and progressive optic neuropathy characterised by damage of retinal ganglion cells. Evaluation of structural damage of the optic nerve is important in glaucoma diagnosis. The ISNT rule states that the neuroretinal rim width is generally widest...
Transcriptomic analysis of ocular tissues
1 August 2018
| Graham Wallace
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EYE - Glaucoma
Transcriptomics is defined as the analysis of the complete set of RNA transcripts present in a cell under different circumstances, quiescent versus challenge, by microarray analysis. Comparison of transcriptomes identifies genes that are differentially expressed in different cell populations under...
One-year result of XEN45 implant for glaucoma: efficacy, safety, and postoperative management
1 August 2018
| Sofia Rokerya
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EYE - Glaucoma
The authors report a retrospective, non-randomised interventional case series of 39 patients who underwent a standalone XEN45 implantation. All 39 patients (female: male=1.2: 1) completed 12-month follow-up. Mean age was 70.1 years (range 32–92). Primary outcome measures were the intraocular...
Diagnosis of amiodarone-associated optic neuropathy
1 August 2018
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Amiodarone, non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy, optic neuropathy
Amiodarone is a widely used anti-arrhythmic drug. Several case reports describe optic neuropathy which has been linked to its use. This case series discusses the diagnosis of amiodarone-associated optic neuropathy (AAON) and its potential impact on cardiac therapy. The authors...
