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General purpose AI: Transitioning from high performance in highly curated settings to useful applications in ophthalmology

2 August 2024 | | EYE - General
Artificial intelligence (AI) may be understood as the ability of machines to perform tasks which otherwise require human perception, reasoning, or learning. With the advent of deep learning, AI has achieved remarkable results across a wide range of medical tasks...

An interview with a glaucoma consultant: Insights for aspiring trainees

2 October 2025 | | EYE - Glaucoma
In this article, Resident Doctor Chi Kit Yan sits down with Consultant Glaucoma Specialist Salman Sadiq and explores the daily life of a glaucoma specialist, the pros and cons of the role, how trainees can prepare for this subspecialty, and...

Issues with standard practice: Luer lock syringes in cataract surgery

4 December 2025 | | EYE - Cataract
For a few years, we have worked together with the practice variance surveys to tease out differences in the way we work and to discuss issues that arise. I hope that we have learnt some lessons and reflected on what...

My Top Five: Key insights from recent research into uveitis in adults

4 December 2025 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Uveitis, characterised by inflammation of the uvea – the eye’s middle layer comprising the iris, ciliary body, and choroid – remains a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide [1]. It primarily affects adults aged 20–50 years. Untreated uveitis may cause...

The lived experience of benign essential blepharospasm

4 December 2025 | | EYE - Oculoplastic
Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a rare neurological condition which causes involuntary sustained or intermittent muscular contraction of both eyelids and upper facial muscles which cause closure of eyelids, abnormal facial expressions and distress [1]. The term dystonia is an...

Two cases of acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis

4 December 2025 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Syphilis has re-emerged as a significant public health concern, with the World Health Organization (WHO) estimating that 8 million adults aged 15–49 acquired syphilis in 2022. Untreated syphilis can have severe consequences, including cardiovascular, neurological and ocular complications. Ocular manifestations...

Paediatric optic disc anomalies

4 December 2025 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Paediatrics
Anomalies of the optic nerve are relatively rare, but account for a significant proportion of sight impairment in children and adults. The recognition of these anomalies by eye health professionals is important not only due to their potential impact on...

Congenital and paediatric cataract: Advances in diagnosis and management

4 December 2025 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Cataract
Congenital and paediatric cataracts are relatively rare, although prevalence varies significantly between countries, influenced by factors such as nutrition, immunisation policy and population genetics [1]. In the UK, around 3–4 of every 10,000 babies are born with cataracts. It’s a...

Orbital airgun pellet injuries: A paediatric case pair

10 December 2025 | | EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics
Airgun injuries to the eye and orbit can be visually devastating. The pellet need not impact the globe directly to cause visual loss, as the cone shaped orbit may funnel the projectile into the orbital apex and optic nerve. We...

Artificial intelligence and the 2024 Esme’s Umbrella Medical Student Essay Prize

2 April 2025 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
Esme’s Umbrella is a charity for people with Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS), helping raise awareness of the condition as well as offering support and advice. All clinical specialties may encounter CBS, so Esme’s Umbrella inaugurated a medical student essay prize...

Simulating the visual impairment symptoms of age-related macular degeneration in virtual reality

5 June 2023 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
A new virtual reality application visually simulates age-related macular degeneration and demonstrates its progression over time including some Charles Bonnet syndrome hallucinations. Introduction Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries with the prevalence of...

Strengthening the signal: Advancing oculomics research for systemic health insights

4 December 2024 | | EYE - Imaging
Oculomics, the study of how ocular structure reflects systemic health, is poised to become an integral tool for predicting, triaging, and diagnosing a wide range of diseases. By analysing data from the eye, particularly the retina, healthcare providers can gain...