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Are corneal guttata an additional risk factor in complicated cataract surgery needing a future corneal transplant?

This registry-based cohort study from Sweden utilised data from the Swedish National Cataract Registry and the Swedish Cornea Transplant Registry. Patients who underwent phacoemulsification with a posterior intraocular lens between 2010 and 2012 numbered 192,476. Of these cases, 288 underwent...

G-CSF intravitreal injections for NAION: a pilot study

In rodent models with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) confers a neuroprotective effect on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) via anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory processes. This prospective study investigated the efficacy of intravitreal injection of G-CSF for the...

The results of the last survey Apr21

There was a really fascinating response to the last edition’s practice variance survey. Strictly speaking, I cheated and this was not really about practice variation, but more about your impressions about what represents negligent practice. For the first time ever,...

Cytomegalovirus retinitis post intravitreal triamcinolone in an immunocompetent patient with juvenile glaucoma

Figure 1: Fundus photograph shows active CMV retinitis four weeks after IVTA in the right eye. Figure 2: Fundus photograph of the left eye with no CMV retinitis; atrophic disc as a result of juvenile glaucoma. Case report A 29-year-old...

Management of a giant pigment epithelium detachment with transition from half- to full-dose aflibercept

This case report describes the management of a giant pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using half-dose aflibercept. An 80-year-old woman presented with a huge PED (maximum height 1338µm) and multiple risk factors for retinal pigment...

Ginko bilboa extract affects hypoxic retinal pigment epithelial cells

Wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterised by choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) formation. It is thought that localised hypoxia within the retina results in overexpression of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which induces CNVM formation. VEGF...

Type 3 macular neovascularisation (MNV) due to age-related macular degeneration

This paper systematically reviews and summarises the current knowledge on type 3 neovascularisation due to age-related macular degeneration which is defined as neovascularisation originating from the retinal deep capillary plexus that grows towards the outer retina often penetrating the level...

Corneal transplantation in the United Kingdom: are we blind to the challenges that still exist after the Organ Donation Bill?

Corneal transplantation (CT) is a significant treatment option for a huge number of patients in the United Kingdom (UK) [1]. For an individual, CT results in a substantial improvement in quality of life. Penetrating keratoplasty with full thickness grafting has...

Cataract surgery in corneal disease

Cataract surgery in the presence of corneal disease presents multiple challenges, from determining whether symptoms are lenticular or corneal in origin, to decisions regarding timing of surgery, intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation, IOL selection, surgical technique and perioperative care. Realistic...

The role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of DMO

Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a major cause of visual loss in diabetes, with a complex multifactorial pathogenesis. In the UK alone it is estimated that there are nearly 2.5 million diabetic patients aged over 12 years. Approximately 65,000 of...

Exudative age-related macular degeneration

The authors looked at macular lesions in eyes with newly diagnosed exudative age-related macular degeneration. The eyes of 23 patients were included and tested for visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, microperimetry, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography....

Effect of minor trauma in eyes with previously undiagnosed angioid streaks

Angioid streaks (AS) may be associated with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), Paget’s disease, haemoglobulinopathies, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome or abetalipoproteinaemia. Histopathology showed retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choriocapillaris loss, elastic fibre degeneration, calcium deposition, active choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) and vascular endothelial growth...