Journal Reviews

G-CSF intravitreal injections for NAION: a pilot study

5 April 2022 | | Neuro-Ophthalmology | Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, Intravitreal injection, Neuroprotection, Optic atrophy

In rodent models with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) confers a neuroprotective effect on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) via anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory processes. This prospective study investigated the efficacy of intravitreal injection of G-CSF for the...

Review of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy

1 October 2016 | | Neuro-Ophthalmology | Neuroprotection, optic nerve ischemia, optic nerve vasculature, primate models, rodent models

This article reviews the risk factors, clinical presentation and therapies that have been investigated for non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAAION). Additionally, it provides an update from recent rodent and primate models, offering a new insight into the pathophysiology of...

PD-1 and retinal ganglion cell death

1 February 2016 | | Apoptosis, Large retinal ganglion cells, Neuroprotection, Optic nerve crush, Programmed cell death-1

Death of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) in conditions like glaucoma leads to permanent visual loss. RGC death can be due to the initial stress such as raised intraocular pressure or secondary to mechanism such as oxidative stress. Programmed cell death-1...