Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), in which there is dissemination of lesions in time (two or more clinical events) and space (multiple lesions seen on brain and spinal imaging). The pathophysiology...
*Co-first authors.Myelinated retinal nerve fibres are retinal nerve fibres encased by a myelin sheath, located anterior to the lamina cribrosa [1]. First described by Virchow in 1856, a myelinated retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) appears as a whitish, feathery patch...
There is continuing debate on the merits of pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) for severe pre-proliferative and proliferative DR versus the newer therapies that inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This has been hotly debated [1] following the publication of findings from...
Processed bovine pericardium is a lyophilised collagen sheet used as a surgical armamentarium. It renders the material antigenically inert with minimal inflammation [1]. Sclera patch pericardium graft (Tutopatch) is a collagenous membrane derived from solvent preserved, irradiated bovine pericardium [2]...
Consent is a hot topic at the moment and the publication of the GMC Guidance on Consent [1] has rightfully refocussed our attention on it. Consent practices vary wildly and have been the subject of many of these surveys. Once...
Cataract removal with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is one of the most frequently performed surgeries in current clinical practice [1,2]. New microsurgical techniques and refined IOL power calculations allow excellent refractive outcomes. Refractive surprise following cataract surgery is uncommon [1-3]...
Nearly 16 million Americans have dry eye, which in severe cases, may cause serious vision problems. Prevent Blindness will provide information on the condition, including symptoms, risk factors, treatment option and more.
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The aim of this study was to review the clinical presentation, management, local and systemic outcomes of 14 orbital rhabdomyosarcoma (OR) cases with the focus on the role of surgery as treatment. The mean age at presentation was eight years...
The authors evaluate the postoperative outcomes of unilateral medial rectus recession surgery for the treatment of persisting consecutive esotropia >10PD more than six months in 16 patients (three adults and 13 children) who were overcorrected after initial surgery for intermittent...
The authors document their experience in the management of four cases of Crouzon syndrome and review the anatomical extraocular muscle anomalies noted during surgery. Horizontal strabismus surgery varied in each of the four cases according to individual extraocular muscle abnormalities...