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Randomisation, confounding & observational methods in ophthalmic epidemiology
Randomisation and confounding Understanding the relationship between an exposure and an outcome of interest is the central challenge in ophthalmic epidemiology. The exposure may be aetiological, taking the form of a putative risk biological factor, or therapeutic, in the form...Over one million estimated to have glaucoma in UK
Over one million people are estimated to currently have glaucoma in the UK, a figure projected to reach more than 1.6 million by 2060, according to a study led by Moorfields and UCL researchers. The new figures, published in the...Preventing refractive surprises by real time biometry during cataract surgery
A few months ago a retired lady presented for second eye cataract surgery. I noted on the pre-op ward round that the outcome of her first eye’s surgery looked like a refractive surprise as her spherical equivalent in that eye...Observership in Dar es Salaam
In this report, both authors present their personal experiences of an observership at the Comprehensive Community Based Rehabilitation in Tanzania (CCBRT) Hospital, a large regional teaching hospital located in Dar es Salaam, with a particular focus on resource management, attitudes...Uveal melanoma
Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular tumour. However, they are still rare, with an incidence of 2-8 per million [1]. The presence of a choroidal naevus is a risk factor for uveal melanoma [1]. Patients with choroidal lesions...Mindfulness and cataract surgery experience in ophthalmology doctors in training
Mindfulness can be described as the state in which one is to be fully present in the moment, which draws parallels with surgery. The origins of mindfulness stem from ancient Buddhist traditions, and its utilisation in recent times in the...The impact of obstructive sleep apnoea monitoring functionality on smartwatches: a new frontier for ophthalmologists
Dawn of a new era in wearable technology? Smartwatches have really stepped up their game and have evolved from telling time to keeping an eye on our health. In February 2024, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) gave...
Screening for ROP using wide-angle digital retinal photography by non-ophthalmologists
This is a systematic review article to evaluate the accuracy of digital retinal photography (DRP) performed by trained personnel (non-ophthalmologists) in diagnosing clinically significant retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The authors used search engines including Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane databases....
Pentacam vs. IOL Master keratometry measurement in IOL power calculations
The IOL Master measures only the anterior corneal curvature and estimates the total corneal power by assuming a fixed relationship between the anterior and posterior corneal surface. The Pentacam measures both the anterior and posterior corneal surface and therefore calculates...
Cost-effectiveness of femtosecond cataract surgery
Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery has become increasingly popular due to the reported benefits of increasing precision and reproducibility of capsulorrhexis, less power and manipulation required during phacoemulsification, better corneal wound architecture, and the ability to place precise arcuate keratotomy incisions...
