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Quiz Aug/Sep 2025

History A 78-year-old female presented with bilateral, painless, progressive blurring of vision over five years, photophobia and increasing glare. Her past medical history included a known diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). On examination, vision in the left...

Essentials of OCT in Ocular Disease

Sir Isaac Newton was the first to establish the technique of low coherence white light interferometry. Following on from this, the principle of laser interferometry as an imaging modality for retina was applied by David Huang and his associates in...

Insights from the ‘Rb-NET Challenges’ Session: Evolving approaches in global retinoblastoma management

The Retinoblastoma Network (Rb-NET) Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) platform, developed by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) and Professor Ido Didi Fabian, is a web-based telemedicine initiative that regularly hosts virtual MDT meetings focused on the evaluation and...

Moorfields: The consultant interview course

The Moorfields Consultant Interview course is intended for trainees seeking their first consultant position and is taught by senior consultants with extensive NHS experience.

Periocular sweat gland carcinomas

This is an interesting review of a rare group of tumours which together comprise the adnexal sweat gland carcinomas. Although there are only 22 patients, this is the largest cohort ever published. The authors summarise the clinical presentation, stage, management...

Saccades and contrast sensitivity in retinoblastoma survivors

The authors report a cross-sectional study, which recruited children aged 5 to 18 years old who completed treatment completion for retinoblastoma more than six months ago. Exclusion criteria included bilateral enucleation and pre-existing conditions associated with cognitive impairment. A total...

Ophthalmology Foundation: a promising new beginning

The world’s leaders in ophthalmology have created the new Ophthalmology Foundation, to make prevention of blindness and maintenance of high quality vision accessible to people of all nations. Board of Directors President David EI Pyott explains their vision for the...

Assessing and treating achromatopsia

This literature review considers clinical characteristics (pendular nystagmus, poor visual acuity, lack of colour vision and marked photophobia), genetics (autosomal recessive disease, with CNGA3, CNGB3, GNAT2, PDE6C, PDE6H and ATF6 gene mutations), diagnostic options (OCT and fundus auto fluorescence), and...

Understanding retinal ciliopathy through Bardet-Biedl syndrome

This is a review article looking at up-to-date understanding and ongoing research in retinal ciliopathies. Syndromic ciliopathies consist of a group of disorders caused by ciliary dysfunction or abnormal ciliogenesis. These disorders have multiorgan involvement in addition to retinal degeneration...

Eyes on the road – visual standards for car drivers

The author examines the current visual standards required by drivers and asks whether more needs to be done to make roads safer. Are the public adequately protected by the current system of visual standards required by drivers? In a survey...

My Top Five: Promising gene therapies for ocular conditions

Gene therapy, a pivotal advancement in modern medicine, particularly shines in ophthalmology. By targeting defective genes with engineered vectors, this approach promises significant strides in treating inherited retinal diseases. This article reviews the top five gene therapies in late-stage trials,...

My Top Five: Promising gene therapies for ocular conditions

Gene therapy, a pivotal advancement in modern medicine, particularly shines in ophthalmology. By targeting defective genes with engineered vectors, this approach promises significant strides in treating inherited retinal diseases. This article reviews the top five gene therapies in late-stage trials,...