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Observership in Dar es Salaam

4 December 2023 | | EYE - General
In this report, both authors present their personal experiences of an observership at the Comprehensive Community Based Rehabilitation in Tanzania (CCBRT) Hospital, a large regional teaching hospital located in Dar es Salaam, with a particular focus on resource management, attitudes...

Investigating the link between corneal clarity and statin use

2 February 2024 | | EYE - Cornea
Transparency is a vital attribute of the cornea, necessary in preserving healthy vision. Maintaining this requires the collective input of the various layers of the cornea. Mostly, the layers implicated in this are the corneal stroma and endothelium [1]. Our...

OCT in neuro-ophthalmology: A practical overview

5 August 2026 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
From multiple sclerosis to raised intracranial pressure, optical coherence tomography is transforming how we diagnose, monitor and predict outcomes across the full spectrum of neuro-ophthalmic disease. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a rapid imaging method that utilises light waves to...

Your 101 guide to interpreting the Pentacam®

3 June 2026 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Cornea
Anterior segment tomography produces a three-dimensional assessment of anterior and posterior corneal structures. The Pentacam uses rotating Scheimpflug imaging to generate cross-sectional scans of the cornea and anterior chamber, essential for detecting ectasia, refractive surgery screening and longitudinal monitoring. However,...

The missing voice in oculomics: Community optometry and the implementation gap

5 October 2026 | | EYE - General
A community optometrist examines what the high street needs before artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled systemic risk assessment moves from laboratory to consulting room. Few areas of AI have advanced as rapidly as oculomics. Within little more than a decade, retinal imaging...

Managing a patient with ptosis

1 August 2015 | | EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Orbit
A 50-year-old male patient is referred from the Accident & Emergency department with a history of ptosis. How will you manage this patient? Mr Bertie Fernando Clinical management Clinical management starts with a sound clinical history. Current history The history...

Chemical injury

6 April 2021 | | EYE - Cornea, EYE - General
You are the on-call ophthalmologist. You receive a call from A&E regarding a 45-year-old man who sustained a chemical injury. He was mixing some cement, when a small amount entered his left eye. He was not wearing any protective goggles....

The results of the last survey Aug21

4 August 2021 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive, EYE - General
We are often referred patients noted to have an optic disc haemorrhage (ODH) without any other features of pathology. How we manage these patients can have a significant impact on our struggling capacity. The significance in glaucoma and, in particular,...

Acute dellen formation post trauma

1 January 2016 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - General, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Corneal dellen are saucer-like thinnings, usually of the peripheral cornea [1]. Dellen formation is thought to be related to localised tear film instability [2], specifically the absence of the mucin component of the tear film. Without the mucin layer, dry...

A step-by-step approach to the diagnosis and management of Sands of Sahara Syndrome

1 October 2018 | | EYE - Cornea, EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive, EYE - General
Sands of Sahara syndrome (diffuse lamellar keratitis) is a rare postoperative complication of Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Its estimated prevalence is reported to be 2-4% among LASIK cases [1], despite that, it is more likely to be encountered by...

Ciliary body granuloma masquerading as a melanoma

3 February 2023 | | EYE - General
Introduction Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous inflammatory condition which predominantly affects the pulmonary system and intrathoracic lymph nodes, followed by ocular involvement [1]. We present an interesting patient who developed acute anterior uveitis and subsequent ciliary body granuloma clinically mimicking...

How to maximise points for your ophthalmology portfolio as a medical student

4 December 2023 | | EYE - General
Ophthalmology is an extremely popular and competitive career option, with one of the highest competition ratios at ST1 level entry (10:1 in 2023) [1]. It is also a highly rewarding speciality, involving: a mixture of medicine and surgery in a...