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Flashes and floaters in community optometry – diagnosing a posterior vitreous detachment

Managing patients who attend a practice with symptoms of flashes and floaters is a regular occurrence in community optometric practice. It’s often very distressing for patients; symptoms can be quite dramatic and an internet search can indicate imminent blindness from...

Macular holes: A brief review

The classification of macular holes has been modernised by OCT findings. This is a brief review and encompasses the historical literature on macular holes. A macular hole is an anatomical discontinuation of the neurosensory retina at the centre of the...

Corneal dystrophies simplified

Based on biomicroscopic and histopathologic features, corneal dystrophies can be broadly classified into epithelial, Bowman’s layer / anterior stromal, stromal, and endothelial dystrophies. Corneal dystrophies are a group of inherited, bilateral, gradually progressing, non- inflammatory conditions caused by accumulation of...

The PMFA Journal - December/January 2019 issue available

FEATURES IN THIS ISSUE: Life after medicine by Andrew Burd. / The creation of PlayDoh® models as an educational tool for teaching anatomy of the eyelid by Maria De Bono Agius, Roth M Manners, Fiona R Jazayeri, Christina V Miller and Sally M Webber. AND MUCH MORE...

The PMFA Journal - February/March 2019 issue available

FEATURES IN THIS ISSUE: The truth behind facelift myths by Akshay Sanan, Sam P Most. / The gender affirmation surgery MDT by Michael Fee Yen Ng, Tareq Ammari. / Facial veins - diagnosis and treatment optionsby Victoria Smith and Mark Whiteley. AND MUCH MORE...

Sustained elevation of extracellular ATP in chronic glaucoma

Although adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) release from retinal neurons and astrocytes has been demonstrated in short-term increases in intraocular pressure (IOP); such as in aqueous humor of humans with primary acute angle closure glaucoma, the response in chronic IOP elevation was...

Brn3b neuroprotective effect in rat glaucoma model

An adeno-associated virus-directed overexpression of the Brn3b protein in hypothesised to confer neuroprotective effects in this paper. This is ultimately tested in a well-accepted rat glaucoma model (Morrison’s model: saline injection into episcleral veins of rat eyes with a force...

Canaloplasty after failed trabeculectomy

The authors describe the technique of canaloplasty performed in five patients who had undergone previous trabeculectomy and under maximum tolerated medical therapy or insufficient intraocular pressure (IOP) control. Canaloplasty is described by the authors as “a nonperforating blebless technique derived...

Retinal vessel diameter in pseudoexfoliation

Pseudoexfolation (PEX) is characterised by deposition of fibrillary extracellular material on ocular and extraocular tissue. Studies have shown that deposition in vascular structures cause hypoxia and ischaemia. In the eye, a decrease in blood supply to the optic nerve can...

In conversation with Andy Pyott

Discussing a detour into ophthalmology from zoology in 1988, experiences in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and Europe and the National Treatment Centre – Highland, Baljean Dhillon interviews his newest guest on the Eye Views podcast, Andy Pyott. Take us back to...

Advances and developments in medical retina

The author provides an update on late breaking clinical trial results in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and presentations on diabetes management from the American Academy of Ophthalmology Retina Subspecialty Day, held during the Academy’s annual meeting in Chicago, October...

Educational concerns and anxiety levels amongst ophthalmology trainees during the COVID-19 pandemic

How concerned are ophthalmology trainees about the present impact and the future consequences of suspended ophthalmic training programmes? Researchers in the West of Scotland investigate. Anxiety, stress and the longer-term stress reaction of burnout often go unrecognised, yet are known...