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An update on idiopathic intracranial hypertension

The incidence of Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is increasing, likely in line with the worldwide epidemic of obesity. To date, there have been revisions in the terminology used and diagnostic criteria for IIH; these recognise the need to exclude secondary...

Correlation between structural and functional status of optic nerve and retina in multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves autoimmune inflammatory demyelination and axonal degeneration in the central nervous system. Investigation of the retina and optic nerve head (ONH) is an ideal way to visualise this demyelination. This study investigates the functional and structural properties...

Transferring imaging from primary to secondary care (part 1)

Transferring clinical imaging from high street optometrists to secondary care is an increasingly requested option, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. A wide variety of solutions exist to allow this, each with their own merits and shortcomings. For...

Germline mutation risk in solitary unilateral retinoblastoma

This study aimed to determine the true risk for germline mutation in a child presenting with solitary unilateral RB and whether this risk differs by age at presentation. This was a retrospective review of 482 cases from 1972-2020. Age groups...

Difference in retinoblastoma phenotypes based on maternal or paternal inheritance

The aim of this study was to explore the difference in presentation of retinoblastoma between paternal and maternal inheritance. A retrospective medical records review methodology was employed. Records of individuals diagnosed with a retinoblastoma with at least one symptomatic family...

Q&A: Mr Goel and Mr Loomba on alcohol delamination and phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) for the treatment of recurrent corneal erosion syndrome

Recurrent corneal erosion syndrome is a common, recurrent condition caused by abnormal epithelial adhesion to the underlying basal lamina. Spontaneous breakdown of the corneal epithelium can lead to the sudden onset of ocular pain, blurred vision, tearing and photophobia, typically...

Handbook of Retinal Disease: a case based approach

This book is suitable for all doctors, particularly ophthalmologists, who want to further their knowledge and understanding of retinal pathologies and keep up to date. The case-based format is effective in evoking an interactive approach to differential diagnosis. The tabulation...

Toxic nutritional optic neuropathy (TON)

Toxic optic neuropathy are a group of conditions manifested by reduction of visual functions secondary to damage to the anterior visual pathways from exposure to a toxin. The implicated toxin could be work-based, food or drink related, or iatrogenic medication....

5-FU vs. Avastin as adjunct to conjunctival autograft

The authors compare the outcome of pterygium treatment using 5-fluorouracil as an adjunct to free conjunctival autograft versus bevacizumab (Avastin) as an adjunct to free conjunctival autograft, via a randomised controlled prospective study. Seventy eyes of 70 patients were included...

Epiretinal membranes in uveitic macular oedema

Epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation in uveitic macular oedema is a fairly common structural complication of the retina. The authors describe a retrospective case series of 104 eyes of 77 patients with uveitic macular oedema from a tertiary centre. The treatment...

DISC lens slow myopia progression in Hong Kong Chinese schoolchildren

This is a prospective double-blind randomised trial between September 2007 and October 2009. It included 221 children aged 8-13 years, with myopia between -1 and -5 Dioptres ≤1.00D. There were 111 patients in the defocus incorporated soft contact DISC group...

Can diuretics increase the risk of acute angle closure glaucoma?

Diuretics, used widely in the treatment of hypertension, oedema, heart failure and liver failure, have been implicated in case reports in scientific literature to be linked to bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG). The aim of this study was to...