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Is intracranial pressure affected by the valsalva manoeuvres and exercise?

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterised by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), which leads to optic nerve head swelling and a risk of visual loss. The impact of straining and exercise on ICP regulation is poorly understood yet clinically relevant to...

Correlation between aqueous flare and macular microvascular status in diabetes mellitus

The authors report a cross-sectional study which was conducted to investigate the correlation between aqueous flare and macular microvascular status, assessed by optic coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in diabetes mellitus. Fifty-two diabetic patients with non-proliferative retinopathy, 44 diabetic patients without...

Martial arts mum fights for inclusive employment

A visually impaired mum in West Lothian is calling for more accessible and inclusive employment for people with sight loss. Amanda Whitfield (35) recently won medals alongside her five-year-old daughter in mixed martial arts, after taking part in local family...

Zeiss field machines, public Wi-Fi risks and IoT scanning

End of support for old field machines Zeiss have recently announced that they are withdrawing support contracts for many of their older 7 series Humphrey Field Analysers (HFAs) in November 2017. They have confirmed maintenance contracts can continue, but repairs...

The happiness coefficient: Pete’s hidden curriculum Part 5

Jeremy: Come on, man, shake your booty! Tonight even Paxman’s out, hoovering up lines of crank off Krishnan Guru-Murthy. Tonight’s the big one.Mark: Jeremy, all rational people agree it’s a truth self-evident that it’s impossible to have a good time...

DR-NET National DR Workshop in Tanzania: Policy, training and technology

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of moderate to severe visual impairment (VI) and blindness worldwide, posing a significant public health challenge. As the prevalence of diabetes continues to rise globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the...

Letter from America: Orbit and oculoplastic fellowship, University of California, San Diego

I was the fortunate recipient of the 2012 Keeler Scholarship, granting me the incredible opportunity to undertake a fellowship at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) in orbital, oculoplastic and reconstructive surgery. My fellowship mentors were the renowned Professor...

How to examine the visual system Part 2: Accommodation, pupils, fundoscopy and additional tests

Examining the visual system can be a tricky skill for medical students to master, yet it is a task that is frequently tested in examinations. This is the second of a two-part series of articles, which together aim to improve...

Diclofenac versus Bromfenac after cataract surgery

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used after cataract surgery to reduce inflammation and cystoid macular oedema (CMO). Diclofenac 0.1% is used three to five times daily for 28 days and Bromfenac 0.09% twice daily for 14 days postoperatively. The...

Pterygium ocular surface temperature

This prospective study investigated the ocular surface temperature in patients with pterygia compared to those with dry and healthy eyes respectively. Previous studies have shown that patients with dry eyes show a significant decrease in ocular surface temperature on sustained...

Retinal vascular occlusion from gentamicin injection post-vitrectomy

The authors present two case reports for the rare, but serious, complication of retinal vascular occlusion as a presumed result of subconjunctival injection following 25-gauge vitrectomy. Risk factors for the complication include: cardiovascular disease, retrobulbar anaesthesia, high intraocular pressure (IOP)...

Static subjective visual vertical (SVV) in the normal visual system

Graviception is the perception of a persons’ orientation relative to gravitational force. This can be measured by means of subjective verticals, which can be divided into three tests: subjective visual vertical (SVV), subjective postural vertical (SPV) and subjective haptic vertical...