Silicone oil internal tamponade has been used for over 50 years, even prior to pars plana vitrectomy [1].Over a course of time silicone oil may migrate to the anterior chamber through the pupil. This may disperse in the form of...
An experienced ophthalmologist can make an anatomical diagnosis of childhood visual impairment based upon the surgical sieve, i.e., congenital and acquired. But an ophthalmologist cannot work in isolation to make an aetiological diagnosis – one would require the help of...
4 October 2023
| Kareem Waleed Alsaffarini, Han Xern Khoo, Colin Vize
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EYE - General
Acute dacryoadenitis is defined as the rapid onset of discomfort and swelling of the lacrimal gland, classically giving rise to an S-shaped ptosis [1]. Dacryoadenitis is the most common cause of a painful mass in the lacrimal gland in young...
3 February 2023
| Hee La Lee, Ernest Lim, Christopher Leak
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EYE - General
Background Orbital emphysema is a condition where air is present in orbit or periorbital tissues [1]. It is most commonly caused by trauma leading to orbit fracture, where air from paranasal sinuses is allowed to enter the orbit. The most...
19 September 2025
| Zheng Yang Xu, Dilraj Sahota
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EYE - Glaucoma
Hypertensive anterior uveitis can present a diagnostic challenge to clinicians working in emergency eye departments. While prompt initial control of intraocular pressure (IOP) and inflammation is essential, elucidating the underlying aetiology is critical for long-term visual outcomes. When there is...
It is often said that “a little learning is a dangerous thing,” but being super savvy can’t put us at the brink of harm, can it? Each year as thousands of students commence their medical degrees, they begin a journey...
Completion of Core Training is approaching fast and you begin to wonder three things. One, where do you want to live? Two, is anyone going to be retiring there soon? Three, what subspecialty do you want to do? In an...
Over the last few years, the mental and emotional wellbeing of those who work in medicine has come under scrutiny. The author introduces a new resource. Working in healthcare has always been stressful but never more so than today. In...
3 February 2026
| Lizzie Rosen, Priyadarshini Suresh, Harry Rosen
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EYE - Cataract
Cataract surgery is the most frequently performed surgical procedure in the UK [1]. With financially strained NHS trusts and the rise of independent sector cataract providers, the drive from initiatives like Get It Right First Time (GIRFT) and market pressures...
Yes, this month sees the return of the four-yearly nightmare for me which is the Fifa World Cup. I have had to live with the torture of watching England being knocked out of the tournament ever since I first started...
Dry eye disease (DED) is a heterogenous condition that arises from various aetiologic factors and leads to tear film instability, ocular surface damage and neurosensory changes. Symptoms of DED include ocular dryness, burning, itching, pain and visual impairment. An evidence-based...
19 February 2026
| Maab Elsaddig, Serena Salvatore
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EYE - General
Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping ophthalmology, moving from research laboratories into everyday clinical care [1]. With its strong reliance on imaging and pattern recognition, ophthalmology is uniquely positioned to benefit from AI innovations. These developments range from autonomous disease screening...