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Ultrasound biomicroscopy (part 2): primary angle closure

Patients with primary angle closure or primary angle closure glaucoma [PAC(G)] comprise a significant subgroup affecting around 10% of glaucoma patients amongst Caucasians. Assessment of the patient with angle closure, or narrow angles, requires gonioscopy. However, whilst identifying the presence...

Recurrent unilateral preseptal cellulitis secondary to herpes simplex virus infection

Introduction Periorbital (sometimes called preseptal cellulitis) is a common condition which on its own is not normally an ophthalmic or surgical emergency, however it has the potential to cause severe and serious morbidity in cases where the infection has crossed...

Neurofibromatosis with multiple bilateral choroidal nevi and literature review

The aim is to present a case of neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF-1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, who presented with bilateral multiple choroidal nodular nevi following chemotherapy and mastectomy for breast cancer. Neurofibromatosis type-1 presents as a wide range of...

Molecular genetics of achromatopsia

Achromatopsia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of the cone photoreceptors. Typical characteristics of affected patients include the inability to distinguish colours, impaired visual acuity, photophobia and nystagmus. The condition is said to be more frequent in the Pingelapese population...

Features of branchio-oculo-facial syndrome

Branchio-oculo-facial (BOF) syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited syndrome that typically presents with branchial cleft sinus defects, ocular anomalies and dysmorphic facial appearance. The authors present a new case alongside the results of a literature review describing the common genetic...

Comprehensive review of inherited retinal diseases

The authors offer an up-to-date review of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs). In each section the authors discuss the molecular basis of disease, genotype and clinical manifestation. They also discuss the investigation findings and current evidence in the treatment of the...

Screening for Sickle Cell Retinopathy (SCR): Why we do wide-field imaging, OCT/OCT-A for SCR – Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

I have been working in ophthalmology for over five years as a photographer and research co-ordinator, and it is fascinating, rewarding, and interesting to learn all about the different diseases associated with the eye. One condition that has been a...

Cytomegalovirus retinitis post intravitreal triamcinolone in an immunocompetent patient with juvenile glaucoma

Figure 1: Fundus photograph shows active CMV retinitis four weeks after IVTA in the right eye. Figure 2: Fundus photograph of the left eye with no CMV retinitis; atrophic disc as a result of juvenile glaucoma. Case report A 29-year-old...

What effects do repeated Ozurdex implants have in paediatric uveitis?

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the anatomical and functional results, as well as complications of repeated Ozurdex intravitreal implants in a paediatric (non-infectious) uveitis cohort. Twenty-two eyes (16 patients) received 35 Ozurdex implants over a six...

IOP and reversibility of RPE detachment

The authors describe how three patients with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) detachment showed a reduction or disappearance of an RPE detachment immediately following prone dark room test (PDRT). The authors performed spectralis OCT on 140 angle closure subjects before and...

Infections related to strabismus surgery

This review considers the range of infections occurring with strabismus surgery. Extraocular infections include conjunctiva, sub Tenon’s abscess and orbital cellulitis. Intraocular infection includes endophthalmitis. Prevention of infection and risk factors includes the issue of scleral penetration and use of...

Under pressure: the constant drive to improve IOP monitoring

The authors offer a comprehensive overview of interplay between glaucoma and intraocular pressure (IOP), IOP measurement principles and historical measurement techniques and progress in IOP measurement devices. The authors explore the issues surrounding current thinking in IOP measurement and its...