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Emerging developments in dry eye

1 August 2017 | | EYE - Cornea
An estimated 344 million people worldwide suffer from dry eye [1]. This chronic syndrome is characterised by a vicious cycle of tear film hyperosmolarity, tear instability and corneal stress, leading to increased friction, inflammation, ocular surface damage and decreased visual...

An update on inherited retinal disorders (part 2): Approaches to therapy for IRDs

1 December 2016 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Part 1 of this topic can be found here There are currently no proven cures for inherited retinal disease (IRD). However, multiple avenues of research are being investigated to better understand disease mechanisms and trial potential therapies that may slow...

Uveal melanoma

3 August 2023 | | EYE - Pathology, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Imaging
Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular tumour. However, they are still rare, with an incidence of 2-8 per million [1]. The presence of a choroidal naevus is a risk factor for uveal melanoma [1]. Patients with choroidal lesions...

Pharmacopoeia of the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh

4 February 2021 | | EYE - General
The compact volume depicted in Figure 1 bears the simple title Pharmacopoeia. The book originally belonged to the author’s father, the late John King. A pharmacist by profession, John King maintained a keen interest in matters pertaining to pharmaceutical history....

RCOphth asks ophthalmologists to ‘show leadership’

23 March 2020
The Royal College of Ophthalmologists has issued advice and guidance for ophthalmologists regarding COVID-19.

The management of antiplatelets and anticoagulation in elective ophthalmic surgery

1 April 2016 | | EYE - Orbit, EYE - Oculoplastic
Clinical scenario: A 57-year-old gentleman who is scheduled to have Mohs micrographic surgery and reconstruction for a medial canthal basel cell carcinoma (BCC) has been started on aspirin and clopidogrel following a coronary stent three weeks ago. Does the antiplatelet...

The management of possibly progressive pterygium

1 February 2015 | | EYE - Cornea
A 43-year-old Sudanese male patient is referred by his GP with a fleshy lesion encroaching the nasal cornea for the last six months. History Make note of: risk factors, i.e. UV exposure and ocular irritation - history of living in...

Informed consent in ophthalmology care in the UK: A critical component of patient‑centred practice

2 April 2025 | | EYE - General
Informed consent is a cornerstone of ethical and legal practice in healthcare, particularly in fields like ophthalmology where specialised interventions can have significant implications for a patient’s vision and quality of life. In the UK, informed consent is not merely...

Pituitary tumours: why are they so often missed?

1 April 2017 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
Part 1: Introduction, historical background and Edinburgh connections (see also Part 2 and Part 3) Is there any ophthalmologist who has not missed a pituitary tumour? Hopefully this article will help those currently in practice to avoid such an embarrassment,...

Gemini Untwined: treating craniopagus conjoined twins

6 April 2021 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - Imaging, EYE - General
The authors discuss the successful separation of craniopagus conjoined twins at Great Ormond Street Hospital and the role of the ophthalmologist in such cases. Craniopagus conjoined twins are extraordinarily rare, occurring in only one in 2.5 million births and representing...

Aspiration of anteriorly migrated dexamethasone implant using an 18G intravenous cannula

4 December 2025 | | EYE - Cornea, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Intravitreal dexamethasone (Ozurdex 0.7mg) is a biodegradable, sustained-release implant used to manage diabetic macular oedema, macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion, and non-infectious posterior uveitis due to its anti-inflammatory effects and VEGF suppression [1]. While effective, the implant may...

Managing a patient with ptosis

1 August 2015 | | EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Orbit
A 50-year-old male patient is referred from the Accident & Emergency department with a history of ptosis. How will you manage this patient? Mr Bertie Fernando Clinical management Clinical management starts with a sound clinical history. Current history The history...