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OCT in neuro-ophthalmology: A practical overview

5 August 2026 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
From multiple sclerosis to raised intracranial pressure, optical coherence tomography is transforming how we diagnose, monitor and predict outcomes across the full spectrum of neuro-ophthalmic disease. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a rapid imaging method that utilises light waves to...

Trabeculectomy with erroneous Mitomycin-C concentration – a near miss

1 April 2020 | | EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - General
Trabeculectomy is the most commonly performed surgical procedure for glaucoma in the United Kingdom and worldwide. Modifications to the technique have been made since its introduction in 1963, perhaps the most significant being the adjunctive use of mitomycin-C (MMC), which...

Acute management of retrobulbar haemorrhage

1 February 2022 | | EYE - Orbit, EYE - Oculoplastic
The authors discuss the importance of rapid diagnosis and correct management of acute RBH presentation to avoid the risk of permanent blindness. Retrobulbar haemorrhage (RBH) is an ocular emergency that occurs due to arterial bleeding in the orbital cavity behind...

Understanding spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS): what do we know?

2 August 2022 | | EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - General
Introduction Formerly known as visual impairment and intracranial pressure syndrome (VIIP), space-related neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is defined by a collection of ophthalmic and neurological findings in astronauts after long-term spaceflight [1]. Changes in the eyeball, such as hyperopic shift, during...

The management of antiplatelets and anticoagulation in elective ophthalmic surgery

1 April 2016 | | EYE - Orbit, EYE - Oculoplastic
Clinical scenario: A 57-year-old gentleman who is scheduled to have Mohs micrographic surgery and reconstruction for a medial canthal basel cell carcinoma (BCC) has been started on aspirin and clopidogrel following a coronary stent three weeks ago. Does the antiplatelet...

NYU Langone Health performs world’s first whole-eye & partial-face transplant

15 November 2023 | NYU Langone, eye transplant, Face transplant, surgery, therapies, Aaron James, USA, Eduardo D. Rodriguez
Landmark whole-eye transplant is a major paradigm shift for potential vision therapies.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus: a clinician’s perspective

25 January 2023 | | EYE - General
Introduction Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV). The term herpes is derived from a Greek work, herpein, which means ‘creeping’ and the word zoster means a belt or a girdle...

Pathophysiology of diabetic macular oedema: why combination therapy may be better

1 October 2015 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
The prevalence of diabetes has continued to increase over the years. It is currently estimated that there are 382 million with diabetes worldwide in 2013, and that this figure is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035 [1]. In...

Apr/May 2014 Quiz 2

1 April 2014 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
History A 29-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a two week history of floaters and patchy peripheral visual field loss in the left eye (LE). She had no relevant medical history and she was not on any current...

Diagnosis and management of IV cranial nerve palsy

1 October 2017 | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
Aetiology: Trochlear nerve palsy can be divided into acute or congenital. Congenital trochlear nerve palsy is usually noted in childhood with development of abnormal head posture. Various pathologies can lead to acute IV nerve palsy, most commonly trauma. Other causes...

Toxic nutritional optic neuropathy (TON)

2 August 2022 | | EYE - General
Toxic optic neuropathy are a group of conditions manifested by reduction of visual functions secondary to damage to the anterior visual pathways from exposure to a toxin. The implicated toxin could be work-based, food or drink related, or iatrogenic medication....

Report on ‘2024: Artificial Intelligence and the Eye’

3 June 2024 | | EYE - General
As the application of artificial intelligence (AI) is brought to the foray of clinical medicine, you can be forgiven for thinking that it is a relatively recent technology. However, researchers and computer scientists have been working on it for many...