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Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is a rare neuro-mucocutaneous disorder which is defined by a triad of orofacial oedema, furrowing of the tongue, and recurrent episodes of facial nerve palsy [1]. Due to the rarity of the disease and inconsistent presentation, MRS...

Feb/Mar 2014 Quiz 2

History A 65-year-old lady presented with a ten year history of nonspecific visual disturbance and mild symptoms of dry eyes. Questioning revealed progressive nyctalopia. Previous medical history of note included Crohn’s disease requiring two bowel resections including small intestine. Figure...

Stem cell therapy for Parkinson’s disease: researching for an 
effective cure

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterised by the chronic and progressive loss of neurons, which in turn results in loss of cognitive and physical functions. The World Health Organization has estimated that the disability-adjusted life years lost from neurological disease was about...

Trainee personality types

Over the past two years I have attended quite a number of medical educational seminars and ‘workshops’ and have been a bit shocked at how out of kilter with reality the world of education seems to be now. It seems...

Submacular haemorrhage associated with nAMD: A meta-analysis and meta-regression on use of tPA and anti-VEGFs

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a combination of tPA and anti-VEGF in the treatment of submacular haemorrhage (SMH) associated with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). A systematic review meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on...

Randomisation, confounding & observational methods in ophthalmic epidemiology

Randomisation and confounding Understanding the relationship between an exposure and an outcome of interest is the central challenge in ophthalmic epidemiology. The exposure may be aetiological, taking the form of a putative risk biological factor, or therapeutic, in the form...

The Neuro-Ophthalmology Survival Guide, 3rd Edition

Neuro-ophthalmology, a challenging ophthalmic subspecialty, demands an understanding of neuro-anatomical pathways, nuanced examination and advanced imaging. For ophthalmology trainees, foundation doctors, neurologists and emergency clinicians, it can feel daunting to frequently encounter optic neuritis, visual field defects and cranial nerve...

Sixth nerve palsy versus decompensating distance esophoria

Orthoptists see a wide range of conditions that can range from reduced binocular single vision (BSV) that may be solved with exercises, to more extreme neurogenic cases requiring further intervention. Because of this variety, it is important to be able...

Cutaneous malignant melanoma metastasis to pseudophakic lens

Metastases to the eye and orbit are rare and intraocular cutaneous malignant melanoma metastasis (ICMM) is exceedingly rare, representing around 5%. There have only been three previous cases of ICMM to the lens in the literature, all of which presented...

Endoscopic Surgery of the Orbit: Anatomy, Pathology, and Management

Endoscopic surgery still remains a challenge for many oculoplastic surgeons, whose main scope of work has traditionally been open surgery. The learning curve for endoscopic surgery is quite steep and this approach requires skills that needs to be well trained,...

Virtual reality for the ophthalmic trainee

If you believe the tech blogs 2015 is the year of virtual reality. Industry experts believe this will be due to the potential commercial release of the poster boy of this new revolution, the Oculus Rift. This is a headset...

OKKO Health announce collaboration with the University of Plymouth to measure vision in extreme environments including space

OKKO Health, a leader in innovative eye health technology, is excited to announce its collaboration with the University of Plymouth. This groundbreaking project will test eye health and track early disease detection in extreme environments, beginning with the depths of a cave and soon to monitor astronauts’ vision in the vastness of space.