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Valuable resources for FRCOphth Part 1 exam preparation

The FRCOphth Part 1 exam is a difficult exam with an average pass rate of 46% in the last year. It is a requirement before entry into the third year of ophthalmology specialty training (OST). Passing this exam during foundation...

Congenital and paediatric cataract: Advances in diagnosis and management

Congenital and paediatric cataracts are relatively rare, although prevalence varies significantly between countries, influenced by factors such as nutrition, immunisation policy and population genetics [1]. In the UK, around 3–4 of every 10,000 babies are born with cataracts. It’s a...

Development of retinoblastoma services in Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe recognised the need for a paediatric ophthalmology service almost 20 years ago. The economic uncertainty in the country made it difficult to secure financial support, so initial funding came through local donors. Equipment – including vision charts, ophthalmoscopes and...

Master Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscopy training course

Enhance your ophthalmology examination skills with this one-day hands-on training course, led by Dr. Andrew Blaikie, Consultant Ophthalmologist at NHS Fife. Held at FORGE, a state-of-the-art simulation and training centre at Queen Margaret Hospital, this course is ideal for ophthalmology...

D-EYE device versus direct ophthalmoscope

D-EYE digital ophthalmoscope is a fundus camera device that attaches to a smartphone and is used in conjunction with a HIPAA-compliant app. The authors conducted a study in which 25 medical students examined the fundi of two undilated patients with...

Contemporary glaucoma therapy: spoilt for choice

The goal of glaucoma management is to prevent visual loss and disease progression in the patient’s lifetime through effective lowering of intraocular pressure (IOP), the primary modifiable risk factor in glaucoma. Sustained and consistent IOP reduction is key to halting...

Quiz Feb/Mar 2020

History A 92-year-old female patient was referred for a three-month history of a left conjunctival growth with ocular irritation. Her past medical history included: hypertension, back pain and osteoarthritis, all of which were controlled by medication. On examination: vision in...

A standardised strategy for uveitis etiological diagnosis

This was a prospective, non-inferiority, multicentre randomised control trial, which aimed to assess the effectiveness of a standardised approach in the etiological diagnosis of uveitis versus an open strategy, where clinicians could perform any test. The authors developed their standardised...

Four key questions and answers for glaucoma practitioners

In this discussion paper the authors pose four questions for the clinician diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma, and supply evidence-based answers. Worldwide, the most common functional test used to diagnose and monitor glaucoma is static automated perimetry, most typically with a...

Orbital sphenoid sinus trauma: a rare trauma case

With a high complication and mortality rate, intra-sphenoidal and transorbital trauma poses a high complication rate and remains challenging to manage. Numerous key structures run nearby such as: the optic nerve, internal carotid arteries and ophthalmic arteries. The authors present...

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus: the essentials

Herpes zoster, also referred to as shingles, is a common infection most typically caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus that lies dormant (sometime for decades) in the dorsal root nerve ganglion following primary chickenpox infection [1]. In 10-20%...

Paediatric optic disc anomalies

Anomalies of the optic nerve are relatively rare, but account for a significant proportion of sight impairment in children and adults. The recognition of these anomalies by eye health professionals is important not only due to their potential impact on...