A novel way to distinguish between types of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy
7 April 2021
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy, inflammation, monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio
The authors evaluate the monocyte to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (MHR) in patients with arteritic and non arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (A-AION / NA-AION). A distinction between the two types of AION is essential to begin appropriate treatment, which...
Migraine attack: does retinal and peripapillary blood flow change?
7 April 2021
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
This prospective clinical study compared retinal and peripapillary blood flow parameters in migraine patients during an attack with healthy controls using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). OCTAs were performed on 52 eyes from 26 migraine sufferers and 48 eyes from...
Using contrast acuity and rapid number naming in Huntington’s disease
4 February 2021
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Huntington disease, King-Devick test, contrast sensitivity, eye movements, saccades
This study aimed to evaluate afferent and efferent visual function in Huntington’s disease (HD). HD is often portrayed by abnormal saccadic eye movements and afferent visual pathway involvement however these are poorly characterised and difficult to quantify at the bedside....
Pupil responses in diabetes
4 February 2021
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic retinopathy, dynamic pupillometry, pupil diameter, static pupillometry
This study aimed to investigate pupillary involvement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and to evaluate any relationship between severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and pupillary responses. Participants included 133 individuals in four groups: proliferative DR (n=21), non-proliferative...
Referrals to neuro-ophthalmology
4 February 2021
| Lauren R Hepworth
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
The authors present the findings of a retrospective records review of 300 new patients at a single tertiary neuro-ophthalmology clinic by two ophthalmologists. The case selection was taken from 45 randomly selected days over a four-year period. The authors reported...
A case study of posterior globe flattening in idiopathic intracranial hypertension
7 December 2020
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Papilloedema, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, magnetic resonance imaging, raised intracranial pressure
The authors present a single case of posterior globe flattening without papilloedema in idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The case was a 64-year-old woman with a one-year history of transient visual loss in her left eye only. Visual acuity was 20/20 in...
A novel way to diagnose optic neuropathies using Bruch’s membrane opening
7 December 2020
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Glaucomatous neuropathy, compressive optic neuropathy, minimal rim width, non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy, non-glaucomatous neuropathy
Differential diagnosis of optic neuropathies can be challenging but is crucial for the correct management of the underlying disease and prevention of further damage. Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) was recently discovered as the anatomical border of the optic disc. BMO...
Investigating the effect of signal strength on mean retinal nerve fibre layer
7 December 2020
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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OCT, RNFL, Retinal nerve fiber layer, Spectralis, optical coherence tomography, signal strength
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of signal strength on mean retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) using spectralis optical coherence tomography (S-OCT). Thirty normal subjects were imaged with S-OCT using variably dense Bangerter foils to alter...
Investigating MOG-IgG as a cause for optic perineuritis
5 August 2020
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Optic perineuritis, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), optic neuritis, optic nerve sheath
Optic perineuritis can be a manifestation of infectious and systemic inflammatory disorders, but in most cases is considered idiopathic. Diagnosis is established by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the demonstration of optic nerve sheath enhancement with sparing of the optic...
Examination of optic disc drusen using computer-based fundus analysis
5 August 2020
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Optic disc drusen, optic nerve head drusen, optic nerve head microvasculature, optic nerve head angioarchitecture
This case-control study analysed the optic disc angioarchitecture in optic disc drusen (ODD) using computer-based fundus examination. A group of ODD patients were compared to a group of healthy controls with normal optic discs. The cohort included 30 healthy volunteers...
A novel presentation of optic disc oedema with syphilis
5 August 2020
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Syphilis, papillitis, optic perineuritis
Optic disc oedema (ODE) due to syphilis without visual compromise has been primarily attributed to papilloedema from raised intracranial pressure or optic perineuritis from optic nerve sheath inflammation. These terms were proposed before magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was largely available....
Mechanism of colour vision involvement in multiple sclerosis
5 August 2020
| Claire Howard
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EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
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Multiple sclerosis, red/green, blue/yellow, colour vision, psychophysics
There is evidence to show that the optic nerve and retina are affected in multiple sclerosis (MS) even without any clinical evidence or history of optic neuritis (ON). MS without optic neuritis causes colour-vision deficit, however, the evidence for selective...
