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The International AMD Genomics Consortium study: another success in understanding the complex genetics of AMD

1 April 2017 | | Genetics
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a neurodegenerative complex disease of the eye and a major cause of blindness and visual impairment among the elderly worldwide. The early stages of the disease are characterised by asymptomatic pigmentary abnormalities and accumulation of...

Pathophysiology of diabetic macular oedema: why combination therapy may be better

1 October 2015 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
The prevalence of diabetes has continued to increase over the years. It is currently estimated that there are 382 million with diabetes worldwide in 2013, and that this figure is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035 [1]. In...

Telemedicine strategies in ophthalmology: harnessing established and emerging technologies for lasting solutions

7 December 2020 | | Ophthalmology, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Imaging, Oculoplastics
The author considers recent progress and shares insights from leading practitioners in telemedicine applications and digital technology strategies. Amidst COVID-19 and combined mitigation and suppression measures, hospitals and clinics have responded rapidly to strengthen telemedicine strategies and virtual healthcare services...

Coming to terms with AI

1 August 2019 | | Ophthalmology, Imaging, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous, Glaucoma
A machine might be called intelligent if its response to questions could convince a person that it was human, a test proposed by Alan Turing in 1950 [1]. The author considers potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) using machine learning...

A new observation point: updating the nomenclature and classification with OCT

3 June 2021 | | Ophthalmology, Optometry, Imaging, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
The evolution of ophthalmic imaging technologies has been particularly rapid over the last few years. The author provides an update of the current terms for common signs and pathologies observed using optical coherence tomography. My experience as an ophthalmic technician,...

Sickle cell eye disease: an overview of vitreoretinal complications and their surgical management

1 December 2016 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Sickle cell disease is the most common genetic disorder worldwide and is associated with lifelong anaemia, intermittent pain and multi-organ morbidity. Ocular involvement can be associated with significant visual impairment due to the complications of proliferative sickle retinopathy (PSR). Occasionally...

The power of the full blood count

1 October 2021 | | Ophthalmology, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Vishal Shah walks us through his thought process whilst highlighting the importance of routine investigations when dealing with unusual retinovascular presentations. Retinal changes can arise in anaemia, leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndrome. They are often the first manifestation of...

Oct/Nov 2015 Quiz

1 October 2015 | | AMD, Cataract and Refractive, Cornea / External Eye Disease, Emergency Ophthalmology, Genetics, Glaucoma, Imaging, Neuro-Ophthalmology, Ocular Pathology and Oncology, Oculoplastics, Ophthalmology, Optometry, Orbit, Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
History A 16-year-old female presents with bilateral ocular irritation. The patient has a history of seasonal rhinitis and eczema and complains of itchy eyes, especially during the summer months. Examination shows bilateral mucoid discharge, conjunctival injection and eversion of both...

Aug/Sep 2015 Quiz 1

1 August 2015 | | AMD, Cataract and Refractive, Cornea / External Eye Disease, Emergency Ophthalmology, Genetics, Glaucoma, Imaging, Neuro-Ophthalmology, Ocular Pathology and Oncology, Oculoplastics, Ophthalmology, Optometry, Orbit, Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
History A 60-year-old woman was referred to ophthalmology with a suspected left eye choroidal naevus. Visual acuity was unaffected in both eyes and she was asymptomatic. Ocular history and medical history were unremarkable. Questions Figure 1: Fundus photograph. 1. What...

Ophthalmology elective: a local experience

24 March 2023 | | Ophthalmology
Dr Rajan Sondh talks about medical electives and how he believes they are an opportunity to explore career interests, giving undergraduates an opportunity to develop skills in areas that they wouldn’t normally encounter on placements. Typically, electives are taken abroad,...

Considerations in the management of retinal disorders

1 October 2017 | | Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Vision research presentations and publications explore practice considerations in the management of AMD and diabetic retinopathy. Over the past two decades in Europe there has been a decreasing prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and an improvement in visual acuity...

Traumatic ‘toy’ gun injury leading to permanent vision loss

6 April 2021 |
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a progressive, inherited disorder of connective tissue that affects the skin, cardiovascular system and retina. Ocular manifestations of the disease are related to Bruch’s membrane, a thin elastic tissue layer located between the retinal pigment epithelium...