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Clinical and neuro-ophthalmologic predictors of visual outcome in idiopathic intracranial hypertension
This prospective study of 40 patients aims to assess visual morbidity in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Final visual outcome of patients was compared with clinical and neuro-ophthalmic parameters such as visual acuity, visual field, contrast sensitivity, retinal nerve...
Visual snow syndrome: a review
Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is a neurological condition characterised by visual phenomena described as dots moving across the visual field. Other visual symptoms can take the form of palinopsia, entopic phenomena, photophobia and nyctalopia. Tinnitus and migraine can be commonly...Imaging papilloedema vs. pseudo-papilloedema
Quite often, in the working week as an ophthalmic photographer, you will be given that patient with ‘swollen discs’ to image. These swollen discs could be a number of things, but mainly fall into one of two categories: papilloedema or...Understanding spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS): what do we know?
Introduction Formerly known as visual impairment and intracranial pressure syndrome (VIIP), space-related neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is defined by a collection of ophthalmic and neurological findings in astronauts after long-term spaceflight [1]. Changes in the eyeball, such as hyperopic shift, during...
Normal values with Orbscan IIz corneal topography
This study aimed to establish a database of normative measurements of corneal typography in children aged 5-15 years with the Orbscan IIz corneal topography system. They assessed 100 eyes of 100 children. The mean SimK astigmatism was 0.69±0.35D. The maximum...
Graded Andersons procedure for nystagmus
The authors performed a recession of yoked muscles in patients with idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) in a graded manner based on the amount of head turn. This was a retrospective case series of 37 patients; 26 males, 11 females aged...Papilloedema: an update
Some readers may have seen a recent report in the national newspapers of the case of a teenage girl with persistent severe headache associated with a fatal brain tumour having been undiagnosed despite many consultations with her medical advisers. It...Headaches in ophthalmology (part 2)
Ophthalmologists see a large number of patients with headaches or facial pain in the ophthalmic outpatient clinics or in emergency clinics. Over two articles, I will discuss several causes of headaches, ocular manifestations and proposed management and referral options. It...Typical or surprisingly uncharacteristic presentations of neuro-ophthalmic emergencies
Irrespective of geographical location or patient cohort, emergency departments are high risk locations capable of inspiring extreme anxiety and dread in patients and doctors alike. The stress multiplies when a walk-in or referred case is suspected of underlying neurological pathology....Headache: the clue is in the eyes
A worrying cause of headache is raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Papilloedema is a vital clue for accurate diagnosis and performing fundoscopy is essential in detecting this sign. The authors review the use of fundoscopy in their own district general hospital....
Sub-clinical detection methods in multiple sclerosis
Visually symptomatic multiple sclerosis (MS) provides only part of the required information to assist in understanding the disease. Recently, researchers have concentrated their efforts on diagnosing MS cases in the subclinical period. The aim of this paper was to assess...
