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1213 results found

The management of possibly progressive pterygium

1 February 2015 | | EYE - Cornea
A 43-year-old Sudanese male patient is referred by his GP with a fleshy lesion encroaching the nasal cornea for the last six months. History Make note of: risk factors, i.e. UV exposure and ocular irritation - history of living in...

Ocular electrophysiology

1 April 2014 | | EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Orbit
A 34-year-old woman, who is a CEO in a multinational firm, has been losing vision over the last 12 months. She has seen her opticians, who initially tried different glasses but could not improve things. Clinical examination is unremarkable. How...

Understanding medical negligence in the UK: a brief overview

3 April 2024 |
Medical negligence, or clinical negligence, refers to a breach of duty of care by healthcare professionals that results in harm or injury to a patient. In the UK, medical negligence is a serious issue that can have profound consequences for...

Traumatic injuries from foam Nerf bullets

5 June 2023 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Strabismus
Background Three patients are presented in this case report: an adult and two children which were subjected to ocular injuries from Nerf gun bullets. Generally, Nerf guns are considered safer than airsoft guns. While there are many papers on airsoft...

Progressive myelination of the retinal nerve fibre layer: Acquired or incidental?

4 August 2025 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Paediatrics
*Co-first authors.Myelinated retinal nerve fibres are retinal nerve fibres encased by a myelin sheath, located anterior to the lamina cribrosa [1]. First described by Virchow in 1856, a myelinated retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) appears as a whitish, feathery patch...

IN FOCUS - Prevention and treatment of blindness worldwide: the story of ‘VISION 2020: The Right to Sight’

1 April 2020 | | EYE - General
The story of blindness and efforts to prevent and treat it cannot be told without going back to the earliest recorded history of blindness. Trachoma was described in ancient Egypt, cataract surgery in India about the fifth century BC and...

The power of the full blood count

1 October 2021 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
Vishal Shah walks us through his thought process whilst highlighting the importance of routine investigations when dealing with unusual retinovascular presentations. Retinal changes can arise in anaemia, leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndrome. They are often the first manifestation of...

The refractive index in the eye lens – implications for clinical practice and optical design

1 August 2016 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology, EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Orbit, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Pathology, EYE - Refractive, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
The eye may appear to be a comparatively simple organ and yet its optical system is complex and continues to be a source of investigation and research. The major optical elements are considered to be the cornea and the lens...

Lothian Optometry Teach and Treat Clinic

1 December 2013 |
The Lothian Optometry Teach and Treat (LOTT) Clinic is a supervised training clinic for community optometrists with an interest in managing patients with acute eye pathology, normally managed in the hospital setting. LOTT, which is the first clinic of its...

A focus on Pakistan’s growing eye care needs: over 43 million patients treated for curable blindness free of charge

5 February 2020 | | EYE - General
With 90% of the world’s visually impaired living in developing countries, Pakistan is no exception to this on-going global healthcare challenge. Despite massive leaps over the last few decades in targeting this issue, the World Health Organisation (WHO) reports that...

Irido-corneal endothelial syndrome: an overview

24 January 2022 | | EYE - Cornea, EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - Imaging, EYE - General
Irido-corneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome is a rare group of eye related disorders that constitute three different clinical entities: Chandler syndrome (CS), essential / progressive iris atrophy and iris naevus / Cogan-Reese syndrome. ICE syndrome is sporadic in its presentation as...

Foundation Post in Ophthalmology

7 February 2023 | | EYE - General
If you are in your final year of medicine at university, firstly congratulations on making it so far and secondly, you may be wondering how and which jobs to rank highly. If you have found yourself reading this article, then...