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Ophthalmology history and examination – a guide for medical students
*First author Students have very little exposure to ophthalmology during their years at medical school. Teaching consists of a handful of lectures followed by a short placement in which students are expected to practise histories and examinations on patients with...
VA and stereo changes with increasing Bangerter filters
This study investigated the effect of monocular blur induced by Bangerter filters (BF) on both monocular and binocular visual acuity (VA) and stereoacuity in normal visual systems. Subjects included 24 healthy student volunteers aged 20.33 ±1.79 years; 22 female. One...Aspiration of anteriorly migrated dexamethasone implant using an 18G intravenous cannula
Intravitreal dexamethasone (Ozurdex 0.7mg) is a biodegradable, sustained-release implant used to manage diabetic macular oedema, macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion, and non-infectious posterior uveitis due to its anti-inflammatory effects and VEGF suppression [1]. While effective, the implant may...
Phakic iris clip lenses and endothelial cell loss
This retrospective observational study included long-term results on endothelial cell losses in highly myopic eyes, which underwent phakic iris-clip lens implantations. Included in the analysis were 113 eyes with mean preoperative spherical equivalent (SEQ) of -14.67 +/- 5.15 Diopters (D)....
Comparison of methods of central corneal thickness measurement in glaucoma
This prospective study was done to compare the accuracy and reproducibility of central corneal thickness measured by hand-held and disc-mounted ultrasound pachymeter in glaucoma patients. Sixty-five patients were included in the study. Patients with corneal diseases, corneal astigmatism >3 diopters...
Customised corneal crosslinking with supplemental oxygen
In this prospective interventional case series, the authors investigate using supplemental oxygen delivery during epithelium-on corneal crosslinking (CXL) with specially designed oxygen delivery goggles. Twenty-seven eyes of 24 patients underwent epi-on CXL with Riboflavin and Ultraviolet-A irradiation. At six months...
Positives and negatives of managing diplopia in adults with prisms
This study recruited consecutive patients prescribed prisms during a two-year period, within set criteria of a deviation up to 30 prism diopters, good fusion, willingness to wear prisms and no previous unsuccessful use of prisms. The majority of cases had...Headaches in ophthalmology (part 2)
Ophthalmologists see a large number of patients with headaches or facial pain in the ophthalmic outpatient clinics or in emergency clinics. Over two articles, I will discuss several causes of headaches, ocular manifestations and proposed management and referral options. It...Insights from the ‘Rb-NET Challenges’ Session: Evolving approaches in global retinoblastoma management
The Retinoblastoma Network (Rb-NET) Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) platform, developed by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) and Professor Ido Didi Fabian, is a web-based telemedicine initiative that regularly hosts virtual MDT meetings focused on the evaluation and...Understanding vasoproliferative retinal tumours
Syed Irtiza Ali Shah explores this rare and unusual condition through a fascinating case presentation. Vasoproliferative tumours of the retina (VPTR) are a vascular mass with an associated exudative retinopathy alongside the presence of minimally dilated feeder vessels. This is...My Top Five: Key insights from recent research into uveitis in adults
Uveitis, characterised by inflammation of the uvea – the eye’s middle layer comprising the iris, ciliary body, and choroid – remains a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide [1]. It primarily affects adults aged 20–50 years. Untreated uveitis may cause...
