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Applanation tonometry in the pandemic era: Are facial masks an obstacle to a correct intraocular pressure measurement?

Current recommendations in the UK advise on wearing any facial covering to prevent the spread of the coronavirus [1]. Whilst this is vital for patient and hospital staff safety, it has led to several changes in the approach to a...

The management of watery eye in an infant with facial dysmorphism

A six-month-old child with facial dysmorphism is brought to the eye clinic with history of watery right eye since birth. How will you manage this child? Causes for watery eye in an infant 1. Overproduction of tears a. Infections b....

Learnings and trends in the management of open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma

To be truly disruptive, newer technologies need to offer a quality of life benefit over medication to a broad population of glaucoma sufferers. Evidence and converging trends in medical and surgical management of glaucoma were explored in counterpoint discussions and...

The Eye in History

Amongst the numerous texts that are available, one occasionally encounters a history of ophthalmology. There is such rapid development of technology in recent years and one can get drawn into the minutiae of a particular subject, losing track of the...

Endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections in France

In this nationwide, retrospective, multicentre case series, the authors looked at the incidence and characteristics of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections of anti-VEGFs and steroids, given for a variety of posterior segment conditions (macular oedema secondary to diabetes or retinal vein...

Quiz Dec/Jan 2020

History A 69-year-old female patient was referred to the uveitis clinic from her local district general hospital with a left posterior uveitis which had been unresponsive to high dose steroids. She had no other previous ophthalmic history nor significant systems...

Measuring patient-reported outcomes after refractive surgery to assess patient satisfaction

Patient-reported outcomes enable surgeons to evaluate patients’ symptoms and satisfaction after laser vision correction. The great majority of patients are pleased with their outcomes from laser vision correction, whether it is with photorefractive keratectomy, laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK), or small...

Essentials of OCT in Ocular Disease

Sir Isaac Newton was the first to establish the technique of low coherence white light interferometry. Following on from this, the principle of laser interferometry as an imaging modality for retina was applied by David Huang and his associates in...

Screening for ROP using wide-angle digital retinal photography by non-ophthalmologists

This is a systematic review article to evaluate the accuracy of digital retinal photography (DRP) performed by trained personnel (non-ophthalmologists) in diagnosing clinically significant retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The authors used search engines including Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane databases....

A review of patient education interventions within paediatric ophthalmology

This systematic review aimed to review published literature around the content, effectiveness and outcomes related to interventions educating patients within paediatric ophthalmology. A single database was searched from inception to June 2022. Interventions aimed at either the patient or carers...

Reporting and representation of race and ethnicity in paediatric ophthalmology clinical trials

This systematic review aimed to identify the prevalence and factors associated with the reporting of race / ethnicity data in paediatric ophthalmology studies and how this has changed over time. A systematic search strategy to find randomised controlled trials between...

Passing the Refraction Certificate as a Foundation doctor

Application for ophthalmic specialist training (OST) is competitive. This means you should consider making every effort to maximise your portfolio points, as it may have a significant contribution to your OST application ranking. The “Commitment to Specialty” section is the...