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Crystalline keratopathy in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

2 April 2025 | | EYE - Cornea
Monoclonal gammopathies encompass a group of plasma cell disorders characterised by the excessive production of abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulins in the bloodstream [1]. This category includes multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), amyloidosis and other lymphoproliferative disorders. Monoclonal gammopathy...

Corneal dystrophies simplified

1 February 2017 | | EYE - Cornea
Based on biomicroscopic and histopathologic features, corneal dystrophies can be broadly classified into epithelial, Bowman’s layer / anterior stromal, stromal, and endothelial dystrophies. Corneal dystrophies are a group of inherited, bilateral, gradually progressing, non- inflammatory conditions caused by accumulation of...

Clinical relevance of the anatomic classification of neovascular age-related macular degeneration

1 February 2018 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
The author explains why an OCT-based classification of neovascular AMD is needed and how these neovascular subtypes may help to predict patients’ long-term visual outcome. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative process involving the macula in...

Grading of ocular inflammation in uveitis: an overview

1 February 2016 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Anterior uveitis is the commonest form of uveitis, which can lead to severe morbidity if not treated appropriately [1]. Data from general ophthalmology practices suggest around 90% of uveitis encountered by comprehensive ophthalmologists is anterior uveitis [2]. Intermediate (vitreous), posterior...

The ‘theatre of the mind’: Charles Bonnet Syndrome and Esme’s Umbrella

1 April 2019 | | EYE - Glaucoma, EYE - General
The founder of Esme’s Umbrella shares her experience with the poorly understood condition Charles Bonnet Syndrome and the creation of the campaign. Many years ago, when I was a young actress, I was in an American play called ‘Butterflies are...

Corporate M&A pace gathers momentum

1 October 2019 | | EYE - General
Intensifying franchise competition, maturing product development pipelines and looming loss of exclusivity spur renewed merger and acquisition (M&A) activity in the ophthalmics sector. Rod McNeil reviews recent deals and related strategic developments. AbbVie to acquire Allergan in $63 billion mega-combination,...

My ophthalmic elective: focusing on myopia in Taiwan

3 June 2021 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive, EYE - General
The authors describe their elective experience and delve further into high myopia, an emerging ophthalmic disease that is increasingly recognised in and outside Asia. The medical school elective programme presents an opportunity for students to conduct learning in their chosen...

Prevalence of acute anterior uveitis in diabetic patients attending diabetic eye disease clinics

5 April 2022 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
The authors share their investigation at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital into the association between diabetes and AAU. The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is rapidly rising from an estimated 9.3% in 2019 to 10.2% by 2030 [1]. The link...

Stem cell transplantation and pterygium surgery

28 November 2022 | | EYE - General
Pterygium is a benign, fibrovascular overgrowth of bulbar conjunctiva extending onto the cornea and has been associated with ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. The prevalence of pterygium worldwide varies between geographical zones but has been reported to range between three and...

Uveal melanoma

3 August 2023 | | EYE - Pathology, EYE - Oncology, EYE - Imaging
Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular tumour. However, they are still rare, with an incidence of 2-8 per million [1]. The presence of a choroidal naevus is a risk factor for uveal melanoma [1]. Patients with choroidal lesions...

Charity work in Cambodia: Culture, cataracts, and cruelty

3 October 2024 | | EYE - General
Cambodia has one of the lowest numbers of eye specialist doctors per capita in the world, and Bita Manzouri takes us on a journey into the charitable work of the Khmer Sight Foundation who are working to combat this. “Ut...

Progress for a more sustainable practice in ophthalmology

3 October 2024 | | EYE - General
Climate change is widely considered to be the greatest threat to health in the 21st century and is accompanied by other environmental considerations such as air and water pollution that impact on human health [1,2]. These problems are, in no...