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Using frequency doubling technology perimetry to identify Alzheimer’s disease early

Alzheimer’s disease is widely reported to be associated with deficits in visual function. Visual disturbances include impaired stereopsis, contrast sensitivity and motion detection. Deficits specific to the magnocellular pathway (MGC) have been identified in Alzheimer’s disease. This article compares the...

Intracameral mydriasis with Mydrane

The aim of this study is to evaluate the ‘real world’ experience in a UK setting for intracameral Mydrane mydriasis in routine cataract surgery. A prospective consecutive series of 60 patients (group 2) had intraoperative, intracameral Mydrane (tropicamide 0.02%, phenylephrine...

Visual characteristics of spina bifida myelomeningocele

Ireland has a relatively high rate of spina bifida (SB), with a neural tube defect rate of 1.05 per 1000 births of which 47% are SB. This study was an audit of SB myelomeningocele (SBM) cases over an 8-year period,...

Managing cataract surgery in a patient with diabetic maculopathy

A 56-year-old type 2 diabetic with previously treated bilateral diabetic maculopathy develops a cataract requiring surgery in the right eye. He has had grid laser previously, followed intermittently by intravitreal triamcinalone, Avastin and more recently Lucentis in both eyes. His...

Optimising the ocular surface by managing meibomian gland dysfunction

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is ubiquitous. Ocular surface inflammation and irritation are prevalent in most ophthalmology clinics: corneal, cataract, glaucoma, oculoplastic, paediatric, vitreo-retinal, medical retina and refractive surgery. These patients also represent roughly one third of those attending for emergency...

A pituitary tumour from 1927

The author shares a clinical case from Edinburgh Royal Infirmary’s archives. It is not often in the course of a clinical career that one gets the opportunity to review a patient who had been treated by a pioneer neurosurgeon some...

Ozurdex wound leakage

This letter to the editor describes two cases of wound leakage after Ozurdex injection. The first case is a man who had four previous injections for an underlying diagnosis of chronic serpiginous choroiditis, who was also on a course of...

Uveitis in the elderly

This study from Turkey evaluated the causes and clinical characteristics of uveitis in elderly patients. Data from 90 eyes of 68 patients aged 60 years and older were reviewed. Anterior uveitis was present in 75% (33% of these had keratouveitis),...

Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease – what is it? (Part 2)

Part 2: Clinical presentation and treatment (see part 1 here) Introduction IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is understood to have a vast clinicopathological spectrum; nearly every organ has had reported involvement. Similarly, IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) is known to affect nearly every...

Ultrasound biomicroscopy (part 2): primary angle closure

Patients with primary angle closure or primary angle closure glaucoma [PAC(G)] comprise a significant subgroup affecting around 10% of glaucoma patients amongst Caucasians. Assessment of the patient with angle closure, or narrow angles, requires gonioscopy. However, whilst identifying the presence...

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)

IIH is a medical condition where the intracranial pressure (ICP) is raised without an obvious cause. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced in by the choroid plexus in the lateral ventricles and the roof of the third and fourth ventricles,...

My message to future ophthalmology teaching fellows: Organising an effective ophthalmology placement

Globally, teaching ophthalmology during the undergraduate period presents challenges. The time allocated for it is minimal with substandard exposure [1,2]. Additionally, the number of universities mandating formal ophthalmology education has significantly declined [3]. Research supports the observation that doctors in...