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Flashes and floaters in community optometry – diagnosing a posterior vitreous detachment

1 October 2018 | | EYE - General
Managing patients who attend a practice with symptoms of flashes and floaters is a regular occurrence in community optometric practice. It’s often very distressing for patients; symptoms can be quite dramatic and an internet search can indicate imminent blindness from...

Lessons from an unusual case of syphilis

3 August 2023 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
The rise of syphilis transmission rates over the past two decades has been one of public health’s great puzzles. In the UK, the situation has reached epidemic levels, with a 126% increase between 2013 and 2018 [1]. We present a...

Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy

4 December 2024 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Presentation A 46-year-old Caucasian female was referred to the eye clinic by her local optician following a routine sight test. She was noted to have pigmentary retinal changes in both eyes but was asymptomatic with no visual complaints. At presentation...

The treachery of images – making sense of OCT imaging

1 June 2016 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - Imaging
In 1929 Belgian surrealist Rene Magritte produced his painting La Trahison des Images. It depicted an old fashioned pipe for smoking tobacco and underneath were the words “ceci n’est pas une pipe”, this is not a pipe. You may wonder...

Optical coherence tomography – reinventing the eye examination

1 October 2016 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - Imaging
It has been 25 years since Huang et al. presented the first optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in Science [1]. With vast improvements in OCT technology over the years, it is now possible to acquire high-resolution cross-sectional images of the...

Grading of ocular inflammation in uveitis: an overview

1 February 2016 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Anterior uveitis is the commonest form of uveitis, which can lead to severe morbidity if not treated appropriately [1]. Data from general ophthalmology practices suggest around 90% of uveitis encountered by comprehensive ophthalmologists is anterior uveitis [2]. Intermediate (vitreous), posterior...

PACK-crosslinking for infectious keratitis

1 October 2015 | | EYE - Cornea
Corneal cross-linking with riboflavin and UV-A light (CXL) is a technology that has been initially developed to treat corneal ectatic disorders [1]. Its effect in stabilising diseases such as keratoconus was reported in numerous trials with excellent long-term outcomes and...

Assessing everyday visual function in dry AMD – what matters to the person?

1 April 2019 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of blindness in the developed world and is accountable for more than one half of sight impairment registrations within England and Wales [1]. AMD is prevalent in people aged 60 years and...

Retinal prosthetics: science fiction or a vision for the future?

2 December 2019 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
“Is it a fact – or have I dreamt it – that, by means of electricity, the world of matter has become a great nerve, vibrating thousands of miles in a breathless point of time?” – Nathaniel Hawthorne, The House...

Gene therapy for inherited retinal disease: the Manchester Ocular Gene Therapy Group MDT service

4 August 2021 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
The authors describe the process set up in Manchester for the optimum delivery and assessment of a new gene therapy treatment for patients with RPE65 IRD. Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are the second commonest cause of severe visual impairment in...

Sustainability in eyecare: Intraocular gases and the climate emergency

4 August 2021 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
In 2020 the NHS became the first national health system to commit to delivering ‘net zero’ carbon emissions by 2040. The author investigates how the impact of ophthalmic surgery can be reduced. Medical gases have been used in ophthalmic surgery...

Two cases of acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis

4 December 2025 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Syphilis has re-emerged as a significant public health concern, with the World Health Organization (WHO) estimating that 8 million adults aged 15–49 acquired syphilis in 2022. Untreated syphilis can have severe consequences, including cardiovascular, neurological and ocular complications. Ocular manifestations...