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Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs)

The term congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder (CCDD) was introduced by Gutowski et al. in 2003 to describe strabismus conditions that result from developmental error in innervation of some of the extraocular muscles. Examples of these conditions include Duane’s syndrome and...

Feb/Mar 2018 Quiz

History A 48-year-old farmer with gradual worsening vision in her only eye was referred by her optician. She had recently moved to the UK and required an interpreter during consultation. She seemed to have had vision problems since childhood. Although...

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is a rare neuro-mucocutaneous disorder which is defined by a triad of orofacial oedema, furrowing of the tongue, and recurrent episodes of facial nerve palsy [1]. Due to the rarity of the disease and inconsistent presentation, MRS...

Researchers identify a novel genetic cause of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy

Researchers identify a novel genetic cause of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, offering new ways for future therapies to target this common, age-related cause of visual loss. In a landmark study, researchers supported by NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, have identified...

Cataract surgery in small adult eyes

This is a retrospective audit of a five year study period, between the periods of January 2006 to December 2010, where a surgical log book search was performed. The inclusion criteria of this study were intraocular lenses (IOL) power greater...

Fellow eye comparison of DMEK and PKP

This retrospective analysis of 11 patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in their first eye followed by descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in their second eye studied visual and refractive outcomes. Intra and postoperative complications were compared and a subjective...

Alternative diagnosis in cases of poor response to amblyopia therapy

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of coexistent ocular pathology and identify / describe the factors that contribute to undiagnosed alternate diagnosis and / or co-existent pathology at initial presentation in patients referred as potentially amblyopic....

The Worshipful Company of Spectacle Makers awards two Master’s Medals for early career research

The Worshipful Company of Spectacle Makers (WCSM) this week announced the winners of two Master’s Medals for 2025. Fabian Yii from Edinburgh was awarded the Master’s Medal for his paper, 'Fundus Refraction Offset as a Personalized Biomarker for 12-Year Risk...

Moorfields Education: myopia control in children

This full day, online course will deliver a range of lectures from various experts involved in research and treatment of children with myopia. We will be covering myopia epidemiology, risk factors and causes, progression of myopia, current research and evidence,...

One bottle, many eyes: The hidden dangers of sharing eyedrops in the community

We report a case of unilateral mydriasis in a female patient referred by her general practitioner (GP) with a dilated and sluggish left pupil, likely caused by the accidental use of her husband’s prescription eyedrops. This case highlights the importance...

An update on inherited retinal disorders (part 2): Approaches to therapy for IRDs

Part 1 of this topic can be found here There are currently no proven cures for inherited retinal disease (IRD). However, multiple avenues of research are being investigated to better understand disease mechanisms and trial potential therapies that may slow...

Apr/May 2017 Quiz

History A five-month-old baby was seen in clinic with bilateral congenital corneal opacities. The right cornea is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Examination revealed corneal oedema and opacities of Descemet’s membrane and endothelium with a few vesicular lesions. Corneal...