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Corneal dystrophies simplified

Based on biomicroscopic and histopathologic features, corneal dystrophies can be broadly classified into epithelial, Bowman’s layer / anterior stromal, stromal, and endothelial dystrophies. Corneal dystrophies are a group of inherited, bilateral, gradually progressing, non- inflammatory conditions caused by accumulation of...

Key research and practical information to inform INS care

This ‘tutorial’ format paper aims to translate key research findings and conclusions into practical terms, discuss their clinical utility and introduce a new clinical method that accurately measures the static visual deficits in infantile nystagmus (INS), predicts the improvements that...

Precision and accuracy of TearLab osmometer

Measuring tear osmolarity has been identified as a potential method for objectively diagnosing dry eye. TearLab osmolarity system is an in situ osmometer which may be a promising candidate for clinical use as it is portable and only requires a...

Effect of oxygen levels on binocular summation of dark vision

Previous studies have reported conflicting results on the existence of binocular enhancement of dark vision. This study compares monocular and binocular absolute thresholds of dark adaptation in two different populations (healthy individuals and those with chronic respiratory insufficiency). The study...

Neuro-ophthalmology: the extended role of an orthoptist

Neuro-ophthalmology has always been a speciality of interest during my studies and now in my career. In 2018, I started a Band 7 post which gave me an extended role in neuro-ophthalmology and the responsibility of developing an orthoptic led...

Neovascular AMD: fresh recommendations underline standards of best practice

The management of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) has advanced dramatically over the past seven years, with the introduction of targeted new therapies that successfully maintain or improve vision in a majority of affected individuals. It’s a fast moving field,...

African-Caribbean ethnicity key risk factor for sight-threatening diabetic eye disease

People of African-Caribbean ethnicity with Type 2 diabetes are a third more likely to develop a condition called sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) than other ethnic groups, according to researchers from King’s College London. The study, published in the journal Diabetes...

Specialist high-street eye clinics for managing patients with retinal disorders can enhance care standards

The author examines the successful introduction of community-based retinal clinic services by Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust. Dr Sajjad Mahmood, Consultant Ophthalmologist, MREH, shares experience of establishing community-based medical retina clinic services. Sight loss from age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract,...

Optical coherence tomography – reinventing the eye examination

It has been 25 years since Huang et al. presented the first optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in Science [1]. With vast improvements in OCT technology over the years, it is now possible to acquire high-resolution cross-sectional images of the...

Moorfields cataract, medical retina and disc assessment

The Cataract/medical retina/ disc assessment short course has been designed to meet the training needs of band 6’s and 7s who wish to develop their knowledge and skills in disease recognition, management and intervention of cataract, medical retina and disc...

Is it worth performing cataract surgery in amblyopic eyes?

It was estimated that about 3% of all cataract surgeries in adults were performed in eyes that have pre-existing amblyopia, and there is a long-standing belief that eyes with amblyopia have limited benefit from cataract extraction in the adult age....

Treatment of infantile cataract with secondary IOLs

The authors examined whether secondary IOL insertion is helpful in the successful treatment of monocular infantile cataracts. Eleven children were reviewed: eight with cataract extraction at one to four months of age and three at five to seven months of...