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Pegcetacoplan: A breakthrough treatment for dry age-related macular degeneration?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative condition affecting the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision. It is characterised by the presence of drusen and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) abnormalities in the absence of other macular...

The disease burden of AMD

In this multi-centre, prospective, observational, time and motion study the authors assessed the time burden of managing wet AMD for doctors, staff, patients and caregivers in the USA. The study spanned the period from March 2011 to August 2012, and...

How to diagnose and treat Acanthamoeba keratitis

Corneal ulceration caused by Acanthamoeba is on the rise, and recent publications indicate an outbreak in the UK over the last few years [1]. Since Acanthamoeba keratitis often presents with atypical features, diagnosis from slit-lamp examination alone can often be...

In vivo confocal microscopy, principles and use in keratitis Part 1: Principles

In 1968 Maurice introduced the concept of high powered specular microscopy, it was in that very year that the first scanning confocal microscope was proposed. Marvin Minsky developed the first confocal microscope in 1955 named the ‘double focusing scanning microscope’....

International medical graduates in ophthalmology

IMGs in the NHS The General Medical Council (GMC) defines an international medical graduate (IMG) as someone who has obtained their primary medical qualification outside the European Economic Area (EEA) [1], meaning that an IMG is a medical doctor whose...

Sustainability in eyecare: Intraocular gases and the climate emergency

In 2020 the NHS became the first national health system to commit to delivering ‘net zero’ carbon emissions by 2040. The author investigates how the impact of ophthalmic surgery can be reduced. Medical gases have been used in ophthalmic surgery...

How do you solve the problem of trachoma in Ethiopia?

Background Trachoma is one of the oldest diseases known to humankind and the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Spread by the bacterium chlamydia trachomatis, it is transmitted through contact with the eyes, eyelids and nose of those infected. The...

Are hospital cataract services managing more complex cases?

An audit of referral pathways and case mix in hospital cataract services. Cataract is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, causing severe visual impairment, particularly within ageing populations [1]. Gradual lens opacification impairs contrast sensitivity, visual acuity and overall...

Occlusion amblyopia

The authors report a case of binocular diplopia developing in an eight-year-old autistic child following two hours of total occlusion per day for six weeks. The child did not automatically resuppress once occlusion was stopped. Occlusion with Blenderm tape prevented...

Incidence and clinical characteristics of paediatric keratitis

This is a retrospective, population-based study of a 10-year period from Mayo Clinic, USA between January 2000 and December 2009 of patients <19 years diagnosed with keratitis. Two-hundred and eight-five children were identified. An incidence of 78 per 100,000 and...

The 7th Annual Glasgow FRCOphth Prep Course

​Welcome to the Glasgow 7th annual FRCOphth Prep Course - a mock examination course aimed to support ophthalmology trainees as they prepare to sit the FRCOphth Part 2 Oral Examination. ​As the college moved to a new hybrid format, we...

Interview with Clinical Director of OpenEyes

Professor James Morgan is an Ophthalmic Consultant at Cardiff Hospital and also the clinical director of the OpenEyes programme. Given the national push for electronic records we felt hearing directly from James would be of interest. The interview was conducted...