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Dr William Mackenzie: a founding figure of modern ophthalmology

The author looks at the career of William Mackenzie and the important role he played in establishing the status of ophthalmology as a recognised medical speciality. There are certain individuals who, blessed with ability and means, are destined to leave...

How to be ‘appy’ on call: a brief guide to mobile phone applications for the on-call ophthalmologist

One of the unexpected outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic has been an increased reliance and integration of computer technology within hospital medicine. The need for stricter infection control policies during and after lockdown has seen a boom in technology utilisation....

My ophthalmology elective: Reflections from Singapore

Why do an ophthalmology elective? An elective in ophthalmology can offer a unique opportunity to delve deeper into the highly competitive specialty beyond the confines of the medical school curriculum, while experiencing a healthcare system in a new cultural setting....

Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION): a review

Ischaemic optic neuropathy (ION) is the commonest adult optic neuropathy encountered today in our ageing population, is a common cause of irreversible visual loss and is usually associated with underlying vascular disease. The condition is classified as follows: (a) Anterior...

Ocular manifestations of multiple sclerosis: an overview

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), in which there is dissemination of lesions in time (two or more clinical events) and space (multiple lesions seen on brain and spinal imaging). The pathophysiology...

Feb/Mar 2019 Quiz

History A 31-year-old female patient presented with history of gradual downward displacement of the globe over the last six months. The superotemporal mass then became palpable (Figure 1). Lateral orbitotomy was performed following CT scans (Figure 2). Figure 1. Figure...

Oct/Nov 2019 Quiz

History A 62-year-old female patient was referred for rapid growth of a left periorbital soft tissue lesion with proptosis. Her past medical history included: hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and bipolar disorder. On examination: vision in the affected eye was hand movements, right...

Step-by-step guide to mastering skills with the Goldmann applanation tonometer

Ophthalmology is a highly specialised field that requires proficiency in various diagnostic skills for numerous conditions. Entrants into ophthalmology at ST1 often possess minimal to no ophthalmic experience beyond what they learned in medical school. Consequently, they may face significant...

A rare neonatal presentation of bilateral dacryocele and choanal atresia

Following a routine pregnancy, a newly delivered baby boy, born at term, was found to have increased work of breathing, stridor and a left medial canthal swelling. The baby required 100% oxygen via a face mask to maintain oxygen saturations....

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum in the right lateral canthus

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SP) is an exceedingly rare, benign adnexal tumour primarily affecting the skin. It is characterised by the presence of cystic structures and papillary projections. This uncommon dermatological condition is typically found in areas rich in apocrine glands, such...

Intraocular lens technology to deliver enhanced optical performance after cataract refractive surgery

Modern cataract surgery aims to provide patients with the best possible visual outcome with the least dependence on spectacles and minimal or no complications and to treat both cataract and refractive errors with a single procedure. Phacoemulsification is the standard...

An update on inherited retinal disorders (part 2): Approaches to therapy for IRDs

Part 1 of this topic can be found here There are currently no proven cures for inherited retinal disease (IRD). However, multiple avenues of research are being investigated to better understand disease mechanisms and trial potential therapies that may slow...