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Right now you may be self-isolating, self-learning about Covid-19 and / or selflessly looking after family, friends or folk next door who need supplies, meds or general cheering up, albeit at a distance. Some of us might be redeployed, frantically...

Could the sclera be key to glaucoma?

The glaucomas are a group of conditions characterised by optic neuropathy and associated visual field defects. Of these, chronic open-angle glaucoma (COAG) – diagnosed on the basis of progressive structural changes to the optic nerve head (ONH) and nerve fibre...

Pain control during orbital implant surgery

This is a study based on existing evidence that pre-emptive pain control has advantages over traditional post-surgical analgesia. The authors compared pain scores in three groups of randomly assigned and masked patients all undergoing orbital implant surgery under general anaesthesia...

Sclerochoroidal calcification masquerading as ocular malignancy

Case 1 A 68-year-old Caucasian gentleman was urgently referred to eye casualty by his optometrist after seeing an unusual incidental finding of protruding lesions from the retina, suspecting choroidal melanoma. He was asymptomatic and this was his first eye test...

Cavernous sinus syndrome

Anatomically the cavernous sinus is a plexus of multiple veins that are connected and within this plexus there are several important vascular and neurological structures. These include cranial nerves III, IV, V1 (and sometimes V2), VI as well as the...

Dec/Jan Quiz 2014

History A 25-year-old West African male presents with oral candidiasis, generalised lymphadenopathy and a red nodule in the left upper eyelid. This is biopsied. See histology images. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Questions 1. Describe Figure 1 (haematoxylin and...

Are social media promoting ocular protection in the community?

During the Covid-19 pandemic, many countries worldwide introduced lockdown measures to control infection, causing people to spend more time at home. This resulted in reports of increasing incidences of do-it-yourself (DIY)-related trauma. When the Covid-19 pandemic started in December 2019,...

Visual disturbance heralding stroke: are we seeing the signs in time?

Isolated visual symptoms may be an early presenting feature of stroke, and timely recognition of such atypical cases is important because treatment for stroke has a limited time-window of efficacy. Stroke occurs in approximately 150,000 people per year in the...

Predicting ischemic lesion location using perimetry

The authors present a retrospective records review, using the search terms homonymous hemianopia, visual field loss and MRI. Only posterior circulation artery territory ischemic strokes were included. Demographics, stroke details and initial and follow-up with 24-2 SITA Standard perimetry results...

Higher risk of poor functional outcome in the presence of visual deficits post-stroke

The authors present a retrospective case review with the aim of reporting the disability outcomes of individuals 90-days post stroke with and without visual deficits. The Houston Methodist Hospital Outcomes-based Prospective Endpoints in Stroke (HOPES) Registry was used as the...

Dilate or not in subconjunctival haemorrhage?

There is often surprisingly little evidence in common clinical conditions. Spontaneous non-traumatic subconjunctival haemorrhage (SCH) is frequently encountered in emergency and walk-in clinic visits. In some centres, a dilated fundus exam is performed to exclude retinal pathology. This retrospective study...

Prophylaxis for clinical macular oedema after phacoemulsification

The authors report on a retrospective cohort study looking at three different prophylaxis methods for macular oedema after cataract surgery: 1) Topical prednisolone acetate (PA) alone; 2) Topical PA in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID); 3) Intraoperative subconjunctival injection...