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SOS (Simplified Ophthalmic Statistics) Part 3: Which statistical test should I use (if any)?

P<0.05 is a statement that brings joy to many researchers. Arguably this is because inclusion of such a statement may increase the chance of acceptance for publication. Whilst statisticians and non-statisticians are united in trying to change this culture, cultural...

Innovation update: key advances in eyecare transformation in the last year

Vishal Shah and his co-authors reflect on examples of innovation in eyecare delivery published in the last year and the implications for the future of eyecare services. The “new normal” is an overused phrase to describe extraordinary measures that have...

Vitreomacular traction: natural course vs. vitrectomy vs. ocriplasmin

Over time, the vitreous gel completely separates from the retina in a process known as a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). In some instances, however, the vitreous does not detach entirely and remains adherent to the macula. The term vitreomacular traction...

How good does my vision have to be to drive this thing? Visual standards for various occupations

We can all picture that moment in clinic: you are about to tell someone that they’re no longer legally able to drive, ready to deploy our ‘breaking bad news’ techniques. For some patients this may have been expected, or they...

Exploiting nature’s randomised trials of eye disease

Confounding and reverse causation in observational ophthalmic epidemiology Traditional observational studies are inherently limited in establishing a causal effect of an exposure on an outcome of interest. One fundamental limitation is confounding, whereby causation is incorrectly attributed to a third...

Patient safety – is this achieved in optometry with CET?

Collecting points and ticking boxes – as we come to the end of another three year cycle of continuing education and training (CET), the rush to ensure that everything has been completed on the myGOC (General Optical Council) dashboard feels...

App and web service recommendations

This article offers some app and web service suggestions. A few are new and others well established, but all offer useful features. Messaging for teams Many businesses provide their employees with instant messaging services to allow calling, messaging and collaboration....

ARx - Augmented Reality Headset

In a continuing look at wearable technology, for those with sight impairment, for Aug/Sep we are looking at the recently released ARx. In previous issues we have covered the Envision Glasses and the OrCam MyEye. The ARx is a device...

Ophthalmology in a War Zone: an interview with Dr Volodymyr Melnyk

It is now nine months since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine commenced in late February 2022, with Putin announcing a “special military operation” to “denazify and demilitarise” Ukraine. The rest of the world, however, saw it for what it...

Primary eye health care in low- and middle-income countries

The need for eyecare services in low- and middle-income countries Recent global estimates (2020) suggest that there is more than a three-fold difference in the prevalence of all categories of visual loss (presenting visual acuity <6/12 in the better eye)...

COECSA-RCOphth LINK Partnership: Knowledge sharing from the conference scene

Nick Astbury caught up with President of the Ophthalmology Society of Uganda (OSU), Faith Nakubulwa, and Angela Birungi, Scientific Chair for OSU, to discuss their key learnings taken away from the RCOphth 2026. Nick Astbury (NA): One of the key...

The next wave of AI in ophthalmology: From screening to communication

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping ophthalmology, moving from research laboratories into everyday clinical care [1]. With its strong reliance on imaging and pattern recognition, ophthalmology is uniquely positioned to benefit from AI innovations. These developments range from autonomous disease screening...