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Understanding spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS): what do we know?

2 August 2022 | | EYE - Oculoplastic, EYE - General
Introduction Formerly known as visual impairment and intracranial pressure syndrome (VIIP), space-related neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is defined by a collection of ophthalmic and neurological findings in astronauts after long-term spaceflight [1]. Changes in the eyeball, such as hyperopic shift, during...

A semi-automated algorithm for identifying glaucoma patients with blindness

2 October 2025 | | EYE - Glaucoma
Patients with sight impairment (previously referred to as partial sightedness) or severe sight impairment (previously referred to as blindness) are eligible for a certificate of visual impairment (CVI). Certification confers eligibility for a wide range of benefits administered by local...

Surgical strategies to manage incomitant strabismus in adults

5 April 2022 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - General
Incomitant vertical and / or horizontal strabismus is a challenging presentation. Patients are usually symptomatic as the onset is either sudden so they haven’t developed any coping mechanisms or very complex so that any coping mechanisms will not cover all...

Myopia management

1 December 2022 | | EYE - General
With the growing prevalence of myopia at epidemic levels in some countries and increasing number of research publications on myopia control, there is a lot of controversy regarding the management of myopia. As none of them are at present available...

Implications of missed foreign bodies under the upper eyelid

9 August 2023 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Oculoplastic
Children aren’t the best historians. As a result, clinicians sometimes rely on the accounts of parents regarding problems. Missed foreign bodies due to poor histories or incomplete examinations may result in irreversible loss of vision. This case report shines light...

Strabismus in thyroid eye disease

1 April 2017 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Strabismus
Pathogenesis Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an auto-immune condition, in the initial phase there is lymphocytic infiltration and oedema of the extraocular muscles with deposition of glycosaminoglycans and hyaluronic acid and adipogenesis, which can lead to an increase in the...

Evil in the east

3 February 2026 | | EYE - General
I previously related a series of diary entries from an old, unlabelled, leather-bound journal which I discovered last year whilst clearing out the departmental ophthalmic library at my hospital. I had stopped reading it from January 1909 onwards as the...

The meaning of life

1 December 2021 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
Supercomputer: “The answer to the great question of Life, the Universe and Everything is…”Programmer: “Yes…?”Supercomputer: “42. It was a tough assignment”.Programmer: “42? Is that all you have got to show for seven and a half million years work?” In this...

Land Ahoy! An interview with Geoff Hilton-Barber

3 April 2026 | | EYE - General
It was during a previous interview with Miles Hilton-Barber [1] that I discovered that his older brother, Geoff, had been an inspiration to him. He informed me that Geoff was also blind from retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and had built his...

The results of the last survey Aug21

4 August 2021 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive, EYE - General
We are often referred patients noted to have an optic disc haemorrhage (ODH) without any other features of pathology. How we manage these patients can have a significant impact on our struggling capacity. The significance in glaucoma and, in particular,...