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Genetic profiling for personalised healthcare solutions in AMD – an update

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial condition influenced by genetics and lifestyle factors (Table 1). This article outlines several recent advances in AMD genetics, as well as evolving therapeutic concepts and established practical measures for the treatment and /...

Treatment of diabetic macular oedema

Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a common complication associated with diabetic retinopathy, and the most common cause of visual impairment in diabetes [1]. With predicted rising levels of diabetes (in England by 2025 the estimated population with diabetes will be...

The clues of the eye – what is medical ophthalmology?

The author looks at the increasingly significant role of medical ophthalmologists and the importance of integrative healthcare. The eye is a remarkable organ, and for decades we have been discovering intimations of pathology existing elsewhere in the body [1] simply...

Outcomes of adult new-onset strabismus presenting acutely

This study evaluated causes, neuroimaging rates and results, and clinical courses of adults presenting to an ophthalmology emergency department with diagnosis of new-onset strabismus. This was a retrospective study of 557 adults (54.8% male) with mean age of 57.3 ±16.7...

The fragile p-value

Abdus Samad Ansari explores the limitation of the p-value and the application of the fragility index in clinical trials. Clinical trials and tribulations? The restoration of vision or more purely the gift of sight is an aspect of care that...

Can OCT predict Alzheimer’s disease?

Simerdip Kaur takes a look at the latest ophthalmology-related news stories and asks which are based on facts and which are ‘fake news’. Headline: Can OCT predict Alzheimer’s disease? In 1986 Hinton et al. demonstrated evidence of optic nerve degeneration...

Exploiting nature’s randomised trials of eye disease

Confounding and reverse causation in observational ophthalmic epidemiology Traditional observational studies are inherently limited in establishing a causal effect of an exposure on an outcome of interest. One fundamental limitation is confounding, whereby causation is incorrectly attributed to a third...

A window to 2024 and beyond?

The connection between the eye and systemic diseases has been acknowledged for millenia. Historical records suggest that ancient civilisations had some understanding of the eye’s significance beyond its primary function in vision. For instance, in ancient Egypt, the ‘Eye of...

Semaglutide and vision loss: A new concern for NAION risk?

This article has been verified for CPD. Click the button below to answer a few short questions and download a form to be included in your CPD folder. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have emerged as transformative agents in...

Surgical effect of limited membrane dissection

Strabismus surgery was performed with minimal dissection of Tenons sheath and minimal tissue manipulation compared to conventional methods for patients with pure horizontal strabismus – to evaluate the effect on surgical outcomes. The study included 54 patients; 52% female. Mean...

Tackling diabetic retinopathy globally through the VISION 2020 LINKS Diabetic Retinopathy Network

It is abundantly clear that the burden of diabetes is rapidly increasing, as there are now 415 million adults with diabetes in the world, with a projected rise to 642 million by 2040 [1]. This equates to 1 in 10...

Comparison of retinal pigment epithelium-choroid graft surgery and anti-VEGF therapy in patients with wet AMD

This was a randomised intervention study in wet AMD patients to investigate benefits of free RPE-choroid graft transplantation surgery versus (continuation of) anti-VEGF treatment. Twenty patients who met the inclusion criteria were subdivided into three subgroups, i.e. RPE tears involving...