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Shifting the paradigm of managing patients in medical retina: how real-world data can help us to improve clinical practice

The ophthalmic subspecialty of ‘medical retina’ has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. With the introduction of ranibizumab (Lucentis, Novartis), a specialty formerly dominated by laser-based therapies has been transformed to become, in large part, pharmacotherapy-based. To date, these pharmacotherapies...

Basics of Vitrectomy

This is a book set out over 14 chapters which is designed to be a handbook for beginners embarking on a career in vitreoretinal (VR) surgery or for trainee surgeons on rotation with the VR team. It starts with an...

Association between smoking and uveitis

This is a retrospective, population-based, case-control study from the general Kaiser Hawaii population. Over a two year period (1 January 2006 to 31 December 2007), there were 100 confirmed incident cases of uveitis. Two control groups were created, with 522...

An atypical presentation of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease

The authors present a single case of atypical presentation of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. A 42-year-old female presented with unilateral visual loss associated with systemic symptoms of fever and headache. Initial ophthalmic examination revealed a unilateral neuroretinitis, however, investigations for infectious and...

Medical malpractice in uveitis: a review of clinical entities and outcomes

This paper presents a retrospective review of malpractice verdicts, rulings and settlements in the United States. Twenty-five cases of uveitis-related litigation spanning 1971-2014 were identified from the database representing 2.3% of all cases. Forty-eight percent of the cases were infectious....

Tocilizumab effectiveness in paediatric non-infectious uveitis: data from the International AIDA Network Registries on ocular inflammatory disorders

Medical records of 15 paediatric patients (onset before age of 16) affected by refractory non-infectious uveitis (NIU) and treated by tocilizumab (TCZ) were reviewed. Data were extracted from the international AIDA Network for uveitis registry and Behcet’s disease registries. They...

Macula re-attachment following intravitreal ranibizumab in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Ranibizumab (Lucentis) is a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor (anti-VEGF) used for treatment of choroidal neovascular membrane [1]. We report a case where macula off inferior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was misdiagnosed as wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and three intravitreal...

Ophthalmic viscoelastic devices: Useful insights for a novice cataract surgeon

Ophthalmic viscoelastic devices (OVDs) are essential in many different stages of cataract surgery. This article discusses the categories of OVDs and their respective properties, and highlights their uses in different scenarios faced in cataract surgery. Ophthalmic viscoelastic devices are gel-like...

Positive diagnosis of acute posterior ischaemic optic nerve neuropathy

Posterior ischaemic optic neuropathy is a rare cause of visual loss believed to be due to infarction in the territory of the pial branches of the ophthalmic artery. There is an absence of clinical signs which means the diagnosis is...

Risk factors for NTG in a young Korean population

Previously known ocular and systemic risk factors for normal tension glaucoma (NTG) include myopia, peripapillary atrophy, disc haemorrhage, migraine, obstructive sleep apnoea, thyroid disease and cerebral infarction. However, most NTG risk factor studies have examined patients aged 40 years and...

Can the angle of origin of the ophthalmic artery predict embolic trajectory?

A retrospective, comparative case-control study was used to test the hypothesis that a risk factor for retinal versus cerebral infarct is the angular origin of the ophthalmic artery from the internal carotid artery. The study compared one group (n=28) who...

Retinoblastoma chemotherapeutic drugs and their toxic effects on RPE cells

There is reported clinical evidence of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) alterations after intra-arterial (IAC) and intravitreal chemotherapy (IViC) of retinoblastoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cellular toxic effects of melphalan, topotecan and carboplatin on the RPE...