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Rare eye diseases: progress continues with authorised orphan medicines and breakthrough technologies
An update on the development of orphan medicines, recent regulatory treatment approvals for rare eye conditions and advances in retinal prosthetic technologies for blinding diseases. The prevalence of a rare disease is based usually on a range of estimates and...Introducing BEAMS: A new national society for medical retina specialists
The specialty of medical retina is evolving. Initially, limited to pattern recognition and in later times, laser treatment, the past 20 years has seen an explosion of intravitreal therapies and a very rich pipeline resulting in sight-saving outcomes and hope...Kabgayi International Ophthalmology Conference 2024
by Michael Mikhail, FRCOphth, Consultant Ophthalmologist; Vitreoretinal Surgeon, Kabgayi Eye Unit, Rwanda. My journey to Rwanda in April 2022 aimed to expand vitreoretinal services, but it also highlighted the need for robust scientific discourse, akin to the UK's ophthalmology culture,...
Atlas Optical Coherence Tomography of Macular Diseases and Glaucoma
The book is divided into three sections: an introduction to optical coherence tomography (OCT), the OCT in macular diseases, and glaucoma. The first section lists the currently commercially available OCT machines, then describes the techniques for acquiring OCT images using...
OCT angiography and retinal vein occlusions
In this retrospective, observational case series, the authors set out to evaluate the morphology of the superficial and deep capillary plexa of eyes that suffered a retinal vein occlusion (RVO) on OCT angiography (OCTA) and compare the findings with fluorescein...
Hyper reflective foci (HRF) on OCT in diabetic retinopathy
This study investigated the presence of hyper reflective foci (HRF) in asymptomatic patients affected by type 1 or type 2 diabetes, separately, without clinically significant diabetic macular oedema and visual impairment. In total 71 eyes with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy were...
Ginko bilboa extract affects hypoxic retinal pigment epithelial cells
Wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterised by choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) formation. It is thought that localised hypoxia within the retina results in overexpression of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which induces CNVM formation. VEGF...
Mono vs. multi-therapy in IOP control
This randomised control trial studied newly diagnosed glaucoma patients given mono‐ or multi‐therapy regarding differences in initial intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, target IOP levels reached and influence of untreated baseline IOP on IOP reduction. Patients newly diagnosed with manifest primary...
Contrast sensitivity after laser corneal surgery
This study group compared contrast sensitivity among participants undergoing wavefront-guided or wavefront-optimised photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) or laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for the treatment of myopia or myopic astigmatism 12 months after surgery. This was a prospective, randomised clinical trial,...
OCTA in geographic atrophy
In this article the authors aim to give an overview of the current literature concerning the application of OCT-A in geographic atrophy (GA). GA is a disease characterised by loss of outer retinal layers including photoreceptors, degeneration of the retinal...
Type 3 macular neovascularisation (MNV) due to age-related macular degeneration
This paper systematically reviews and summarises the current knowledge on type 3 neovascularisation due to age-related macular degeneration which is defined as neovascularisation originating from the retinal deep capillary plexus that grows towards the outer retina often penetrating the level...
