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Two illustrative cases of AZOOR

The authors present two illustrative cases of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) which causes acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement. The disease is characterised by sudden loss of outer retinal function associated with photopsia, with minimal or no fundoscopic changes...

Corpus callosum in infantile esotropia

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) imaging was undertaken with four infantile esotropia (IE) patients and nine controls. All with IE showed an asymmetrical distribution of callosal fibres when comparing two hemispheres. Many fibres terminated near the tips of the occipital cortices....

How common is optic disc drusen in young patients with NAION?

A retrospective notes review at two tertiary care centres was completed between 2009 and 2019. The inclusion criteria for the study was a diagnosis of nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in at least one eye, aged between 18 and...

Modified technique in place of ultrasound biomicroscopy

The authors describe a modified immersion B-scan ultrasonography that includes a standard B scan probe of 10MHz, a surgical glove and sterile saline to fill a finger of the surgical glove – tied off to create the desired immersion standoff...

Normative dimensions of the lacrimal gland

This article looks at the normative dimensions of the lacrimal gland in the axial and coronal plane on fat-suppressed T1 weighted contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Previous data on this subject has come from computed tomography (CT). MRI is known...

Surgical management and review of congenital inferior rectus dysgenesis

Three cases are presented of congenital inferior rectus (IR) dysgenesis causing hypertropia. Case 1 was a two-year-old female with intermittent vertical strabismus of 20PD and -2 limitation on depression, worse in abduction. MRI imaging showed a hypoplastic IR. Following surgery,...

A review of neuro and retinal imaging findings in Alzheimer’s disease

The authors present a systematic review with the aim of assessing the relationship between retinal and cerebral changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment and pre-clinical AD. A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria of the review,...

Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody positive optic neuritis: a retrospective medical records review

Optic neuritis causes acute loss of visual function and can result in devastating visual dysfunction. Recently, measurements of anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies have become available, making it possible to evaluate the disease pathogenesis. This paper...

Conjunctival lesions in paediatric patients

This article documents the conjunctival lesions in paediatric patients from one unit from 2011–22 inclusive in the UK. There was a total of 85 cases with a mean age presentation of seven years old. Most common lesions were naevi (40%),...

Useful, interesting, or maybe both

This column is often, but not always, about ophthalmic tech. This is one of those ‘not always’ editions. Time to share some interesting or useful things from the internet which can help in a number of ways, from preparing presentations...