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Seeing mitochondrial disease

This review highlights mitochondrial diseases as the most common inherited neurometabolic disorders, often affecting multiple high-energy organs, with eye involvement frequently representing the earliest or predominant feature. Diagnosis is challenging due to significant genetic and clinical heterogeneity, including variable expressivity,...

Trial of low-concentration bimatoprost and timolol eye gel versus higher concentrations

This is an international, multicentre, randomised, parallel group, investigator-masked study of 554 patients, having insufficient control of intraocular pressure (IOP) with a first-line monotherapy and requiring dual therapy. Two hundred and eighty patients were randomised to receive low concentration (BTFCEG...

Normative data values for childhood corneal sensitivity

The authors aimed to establish normative data regarding corneal sensitivity in a paediatric age group. They included 122 right eyes of 122 children with mean age of 11.29 ±4.6 years (aged 5–18 years); 63 female and 59 male. Bilateral corneal...

Difference in anterior ciliary vessels across horizontal and vertical rectus muscles

In order to obtain more information about anterior ciliary vessels (ACVs), the authors compared bilateral ACVs of the lateral and medial recti muscles and intraoperative observations of the difference of AVC preservation between the lateral rectus and other rectus muscles....

Prevalence of strabismus, nystagmus and risk factors in children and adolescents born preterm with and without retinopathy of prematurity

This is a retrospective study of 949 children (11.21 +/-3.92 years, 495 females). They were divided into 6 groups based on gestational age (GA) with/without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and with/without treatment of ROP, alongside full-term babies as a control...

Healthcare costs of early vs late genetic testing

This is a retrospective observational cohort study of the relative healthcare costs incurred by early vs late genetic testing for inherited retinal diseases in a population of patients from the USA. Three hundred and ten patients with a genetically confirmed...

Factors associated with presence of stereopsis in early treatment of refractive esotropia

The authors investigate the factors affecting better stereopsis outcomes in 29 patients with refractive accommodative esotropia with an age of onset within 6 months of life who were successfully treated. The study included 17 males and 12 females with mean...

Limitations of next generation sequencing

This is a report of a young female patient with clinically diagnosed retinitis pigmentosa who underwent genetic testing using an inherited retinal disease panel and whole exome sequencing by next generation sequencing (NGS) technology. This approach did not identify any...

Long-term risk calculation of retinal detachment in childhood myopia

The aim was to examine the risk of retinal detachment in children with myopia over a 10-year follow-up period. This was a retrospective cohort study using the TriNet X platform which houses anonymised electronic patient records from 180 healthcare groups....

The evolving landscape of diabetic retinopathy

This article outlines efforts to modernise clinically meaningful staging systems and endpoints for diabetic retinal disease (DRD). During a workshop involving over 100 international experts, participants emphasised the need for validated structural and functional endpoints based on the retinal neurovascular...

Can a monocular occlusion test for assessing divergence excess intermittent exotropia be accurate and quicker?

The authors investigated whether a 15-minute monocular occlusion test is as effective as the traditional 45-minute monocular occlusion test in assessing patients with divergence excess intermittent exotropia. The prospective, randomised observational study included 22 children aged 5–14 years. Children with...

Decisions on correction of low, moderate and high hypermetropic in exotropia

The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the management strategies and outcomes for hypermetropic patients with exotropia, and to determine implications of refractive correction decisions in optimising clinical outcomes. 10 studies met the inclusion criteria from 6 countries...