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Leveraging networks and collaboration: The Calabar Diabetic Retinopathy Service, from inception to a state-wide service, research and training hub

3 June 2026 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - Imaging
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is a leading cause of preventable vision loss and blindness in people of working age globally [1]. Diabetic retinopathy is a disease of public health importance in Nigeria as it...

Your 101 guide to interpreting the Pentacam®

3 June 2026 | | EYE - Imaging, EYE - Cornea
Anterior segment tomography produces a three-dimensional assessment of anterior and posterior corneal structures. The Pentacam uses rotating Scheimpflug imaging to generate cross-sectional scans of the cornea and anterior chamber, essential for detecting ectasia, refractive surgery screening and longitudinal monitoring. However,...

Maximising the ocular surface prior to cataract surgery: The old and the new modalities of treatment

3 June 2026 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Cornea
Cataract surgery is among the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. Over time, it has evolved from a lens-extraction procedure into a refractive intervention that demands meticulous perioperative planning and precision to achieve optimal outcomes. Optimisation of the ocular surface...

Intraocular surgery and dry eye: Understanding the link, minimising the risk and preparing for the future

11 June 2026 | | EYE - Cornea, EYE - Cataract
Dry eye disease (DED) and ocular surface disease (OSD) are increasingly recognised as central factors in contemporary intraocular surgery. As cataract, glaucoma and vitreoretinal procedures advance toward greater refractive precision, patient expectations have risen and tolerance for postoperative visual fluctuation...

From monofocal to premium: Understanding the expanding landscape of intraocular lenses

5 August 2026 | | EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive
For many years cataract surgery was framed almost entirely as a restorative procedure. The goal was straightforward: remove the cloudy lens and replace it with a clear one, restoring distance vision and allowing the patient to function comfortably with reading...

General purpose AI: Transitioning from high performance in highly curated settings to useful applications in ophthalmology

2 August 2024 | | EYE - General
Artificial intelligence (AI) may be understood as the ability of machines to perform tasks which otherwise require human perception, reasoning, or learning. With the advent of deep learning, AI has achieved remarkable results across a wide range of medical tasks...

My Top Five: Foundation year 3 jobs for prospective ophthalmology candidates

3 February 2023 | | EYE - General
Ophthalmology specialist training (OST) is a fantastic career option, however, it is also a highly competitive specialty. There was a gradual rise in competition ratios in recent years: 3.24 (2019), 5.73 (2020), and 6.80 (2021) [1]. Many choose to pursue...

Eyecare challenges in the Middle East: Priorities of a global ophthalmology task force

2 June 2025 | | EYE - General
Global ophthalmology is a rapidly evolving, multidisciplinary field that integrates clinical practice, research, and policy at national and international levels. One of its main objectives is to improve eyecare equity worldwide by preventing avoidable vision impairment. Since the launch of...

Traumatic injuries from foam Nerf bullets

5 June 2023 | | EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Strabismus
Background Three patients are presented in this case report: an adult and two children which were subjected to ocular injuries from Nerf gun bullets. Generally, Nerf guns are considered safer than airsoft guns. While there are many papers on airsoft...

How to get the most out of your medical school ophthalmology placement

2 August 2024 | | EYE - General
Ophthalmology has become a very popular speciality, generating a vast interest amongst medical students with competition for training posts increasing yearly. Yet it is often difficult to get adequate exposure to the speciality prior to applications, with very limited time...

A near miss

1 February 2019 | | EYE - Vitreo-Retinal, EYE - General
A 55-year-old gentleman presented with a ‘blurry patch’ to his left eye which he had noticed for the past two months. The visual acuity with correction was 6/5 in the right eye and 6/6 in the left eye on the...

Pituitary tumours: why are they so often missed?

1 August 2017 | | EYE - Neuro-ophthalmology
Part 2: Clinical varieties, anatomical considerations and case report (see also Part 1 and Part 3) For ophthalmologists there are four types of pituitary tumour to be considered, three of which are named according to the hormone secreted, along with...