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BT as a diagnostic tool in Duane’s retraction syndrome

This study evaluated the effects of botulinum-toxin (BT) on management of Duane’s retraction syndrome along with how BT can be used diagnostically to help with patient expectations and decide management. Functional and psychosocial impact of BT effect was evaluated in...

Ocular damage from laser pointers

This retrospective study of case notes from a tertiary eye centre over a five-year period, recruited nine children (12 eyes: eight boys) aged 9-15 years. Three presented with deteriorating vision whilst others had retinal changes noted as incidental findings at...

RetCam use in differential diagnosis for retinoblastoma

The authors aimed to evaluate RetCam fundus photography and fluorescein angiography (FA) findings in pseudo retinoblastoma. This was a retrospective review of 36 eyes of 28 patients (of which six were female) with 22 bilateral cases. Mean age at presentation...

Two-year results of a T&E aflibercept regime in caucasian PNV

This a retrospective study examining two-year outcomes of patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) treated with a treat and extend (T&E) regimen of intravitreal aflibercept. The mean age was 63.84 ± 7.92 years with nine males (35%) and 17 females (65%)....

Local surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia

This is a retrospective review of a new surgical treatment of intractable periorbital neuropathic pain. Five patients with post-herpetic (three), post-traumatic (one) and idiopathic (one) neuralgia underwent transection of the nerves supplying the dermatomes affected by the neuropathic pain. The...

Single case report of horizontal gaze paresis due to medial pontine haemorrhage

The authors report a single case (80-year-old female) of bilateral horizontal conjugate gaze palsy due to a dorsal median pontine haemorrhage. The patient presented with skew deviation, bilateral horizontal conjugate gaze palsy, vertical gaze palsy, ipsilateral lower motor neuron facial...

Therapeutic options for advanced cutaneous basal (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)

This article discusses the use of topical and systemic therapy in the management of advanced periocular tumours. It focuses on those that have gained United States Food and Drug Administration approval; namely imiquimod, vismodegib, sonidegib, pembrolizumab and cemiplimab. Imiquimod is...

Narrative review of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in children / adolescents

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) affects both children and adults. Whilst the majority of IIH is mainly seen amongst adults, it also affects children. There are currently no clinical trials in IIH for those who are adolescents or children. The aims...

Agreeing terminology for non-classic visual field abnormalities

The authors present a prospective survey of neuro-ophthalmologists. The survey comprised of 10 visual fields. The selection of visual fields for the survey aimed for variety and excluded classic neuro-ophthalmology visual field defects, e.g. hemianopia, nasal step. The survey was...

Surgical management and review of congenital inferior rectus dysgenesis

Three cases are presented of congenital inferior rectus (IR) dysgenesis causing hypertropia. Case 1 was a two-year-old female with intermittent vertical strabismus of 20PD and -2 limitation on depression, worse in abduction. MRI imaging showed a hypoplastic IR. Following surgery,...

Brolucizumab in age-related macular degeneration, HAWK Study

The aim of the study was to collect additional data on efficacy and safety of brolucizumab 6mg intended for commercialization in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (with an increase in pH and decrease in polysorbate concentration). The HAWK Study was a...

Changing operating room practices: the effect on postoperative endophthalmitis rates following cataract surgery

This is a retrospective clinical registry study from India of 85,552 cataract surgery patients; group 1 (56,551 patients from January-March 2020) and group 2 (29,011 patients from May-August 2020). Group 1’s patients were ungowned, surgical gloves were disinfected but not...