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100 years of insulin
*Joint first authors The centenary of the discovery of insulin is a time to celebrate one of the most significant scientific discoveries of the 20th century. Background Before 1923, Type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM] resulted in death from severe ketoacidosis...The assessment of pupils and pupillary reactions
Understanding pupillary reactions is vital in understanding basic neuro-opthalmology. It is a skill required in eye casualty, clinics and perhaps most importantly, exams. To start at the beginning, the pupil is the central aperture of the iris, its size controlling...Surgical strategies to manage incomitant strabismus in adults
Incomitant vertical and / or horizontal strabismus is a challenging presentation. Patients are usually symptomatic as the onset is either sudden so they haven’t developed any coping mechanisms or very complex so that any coping mechanisms will not cover all...The African Ophthalmology Council: Driving excellence in African eye health
Have you been wondering about how you can impact, or even just understand, the eyecare landscape in Africa from those who experience it daily? Ever wondered about which one body brings all eye health professionals in Africa together, united in...Innovations in ophthalmology: what can the innovations of the past teach us about tomorrow?
BUOS Prize Essay – 2nd prize winner for 2013 submissions Introduction An essay titled Innovations in Ophthalmology might choose to focus on the history; from cataract couching to femtosecond lasers, ophthalmology has had no shortage of topics worthy of discussion....The management of retinal vein occlusions: a summary
Retinal vein occlusions (RVO) are the most common cause of visual loss from retinal vascular disease second to diabetic retinopathy. Vision is lost due to ischaemia, macular oedema and / or haemorrhage which ultimately effects a patient’s quality of life...
Intermittent exotropia with a positive Bielchowsky head-tilt test
This is a retrospective study from Korea, of 118 patients’ charts with intermittent exotropia (IXT) and divided into two groups; 50 patients showed positive Bielchowsky head tilt test (BHTT) and 68 with negative BHTT. Significant differences (p<0.05) in the parameters...
