Review of paediatric infectious endophthalmitis
Reviewed by Fiona Rowe

This paper presents a review on paediatric infectious endophthalmitis and considers aetiology, prognosis and management. Classification included exogenous and endogenous. Diagnosis was based on presenting history, signs and symptoms, cultures and imaging. Exogenous cases included postoperative endophthalmitis (strabismus surgery, glaucoma surgery, trabeculectomy with antimetabolite use, glaucoma drainage implants, cataract surgery, penetrating keratoplasty, pars plana vitrectomy) and post traumatic endophthalmitis. Management options included intravitreal antibiotics, systemic antibiotics, topical and subconjunctival antibiotics and corticosteroids. The review also considers management of fungal endophthalmitis, visual prognosis and complications. The authors conclude this is a rare condition often associated with very poor outcome. Open globe trauma and glaucoma surgery are the most frequent causes in children. Endogenous infections are least common. Streptococcus and staphylococcus are common bacterial agents in traumatic and surgical cases whereas candida albicans is common in endogenous endophthalmitis.

Pediatric infectious endophthalmitis: a review.
Khan S, Athwal L, Zarbin M, Bhagat N.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY AND STRABISMUS
2014;51:140-53.