Angle of deviation and psychological impact
Reviewed by Fiona Rowe

This questionnaire-based prospective study using the Psychological Impact Questionnaire was designed to investigate whether the size of the angle of deviation, age, sex, presence of diplopia, visual acuity of the worse eye and direction of deviation are related to psychological impact (PI). Fifty patients were recruited: 26 female and 24 male. The average age was 48 years (15-84) and mean PI score was 2.3 (SD 14.3). Average horizontal deviation was 33PD (SD19.8). Two patients had a vertical deviation. There was no correlation with maximum degree of deviation and PI score for horizontal or vertical deviation. There was no correlation for age, sex, diplopia, visual acuity of the worse eye, esotropia or exotropia with PI score. A slight negative correlation was found for visual acuity of the better eye and PI score. However, this may be spurious as a result of the small sample size.

The psychological impact of strabismus: does the angle really matter?
Ritchie A, Colapinto P, Jain S.
STRABISMUS
2013;21(4):203-8.