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Customised orbital implants

This is a literature review of the outcomes of orbital fracture repairs using custom-made orbital implants. Customised implants were manufactured in one of three ways, all using a 3D printer; manual moulding of an implant based on a 3D-printed model...

Orbital cavernous haemangiomas

This is a review of orbital cavernous haemangiomas (orbital cavernous venous malformations) managed over a 12-year period at a tertiary referral centre. Painless proptosis was the commonest presentation. One hundred and sixty-four patients (96 female and 68 male) underwent surgery...

Adjuvant radiotherapy in orbital malignancy

This is a retrospective review of high dose volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) for adjuvant treatment of patients with orbital malignancy who had already undergone local excision or exenteration. VMAT differs from conventional external beam radiotherapy in that it is...

Orbital manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangitis

This a retrospective, observational study where authors looked at the ophthalmological examination, biopsy, antibodies and CT scan results of all patients diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangitis (GPA) from January 2007-January 2019. Out of 101 patients with diagnosis of GPA, 15...

Effects of orbital decompression

This is a retrospective review of 319 orbital decompression operations in 169 patients (73% female) with thyroid eye disease. Three wall decompressions were performed in 92 eyes, 2-wall in 206 (medial and floor), and a single wall (medial) in 18,...

Interesting causes and consequences of orbital inflammations

Three articles discuss various causes and consequences or orbital cellulitis. The first highlights the possibility of orbital cellulitis causing cavernous sinus thrombosis and in the case presented progression to internal carotid artery aneurysm. The authors highlight the importance of considering...

Bisphosphonates can cause orbital inflammation

The authors describe four patients with bisphosphonate induced orbital inflammation and review a further 25 cases in the literature. Intravenous zoledronate was the most common precipitant (76% of cases) with the mean time until onset of inflammation being three days...

Differentiating orbital cellulitis from non-specific orbital inflammation

This is a retrospective study looking at whether common laboratory investigations can help differentiate between orbital cellulitis (OC) and non-specific orbital inflammation (NSOI). NSOI is a diagnosis of exclusion following negative investigations for systemic diseases such as IgG4-related disease, granulomatosis...

Medical treatment of orbital lymphatic malformations

This is a literature review of the use of Sirolimus, to treat orbital lymphatic malformations. Sirolimus is an immunosuppressant used in renal transplants, and acts by inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which in turn inhibits activation of T and...

Pupil abnormalities after orbital surgery

This is a retrospective review of 287 patients who underwent removal of an orbital cavernous haemangioma (cavernous venous malformation), to ascertain the incidence of surgically induced pupillary abnormalities. Forty-four patients had lesions removed from the anterior or extraconal orbit, none...

Imaging and histological relationship of orbital Schwannomas

This is a retrospective review of 15 patients with orbital Schwannomas comparing the radiological characteristics, in particular the signal intensity on MRI, with the histological sub-types of the tumours. Five patients had MRI imaging alone, three had CT alone and...