You searched for "Refraction"
Viral uveitis
This review covers viral causes of anterior uveitis. A viral aetiology should be suspected when anterior uveitis is accompanied by ocular hypertension, diffuse stellate keratic precipitates or the presence of iris atrophy. Most common viruses associated are herpes simplex, varicella-zoster...
Dead bag syndrome: a new and rare cause of late IOL dislocation
The dead bag syndrome has recently been described as a cause of late spontaneous intraocular lens (IOL) subluxation and / or dislocation. The capsular bag remains clear years after surgery and then becomes diaphanous and floppy. The authors explanted seven...
Fusional vergence measurement
This paper reports a systematic review to address two objectives: 1, to compare the normative values of tests measuring fusional vergence; 2, to investigate sources of heterogeneity of prism accuracy. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines with a...
Brain abnormality as risk factor for consecutive exotropia
The authors evaluated and compared the cerebral MRI findings in operated infantile esotropia cases with and without consecutive exotropia. This was a retrospective study of 28 patients. Group 1 had 17 cases of consecutive exotropia with a mean follow-up of...
IOL power in short eyes
Prospective analysis of 269 eyes of 269 patients between 2017 and 2020, with axial length (AL) of 22mm or less. New principles for calculating IOL power were recently developed, including formulas based on paraxial ray-tracing (Barrett and Olsen) and based...
Comparing tensile strengths of two scleral fixated intraocular lenses: CT-Lucia and MA60
The authors designed a benchtop model to measure the tensile strengths and resistance to breakage of the haptics and haptic-optic junctions of the CT Lucia 602 (Carl Zeiss, California) and AcrySof MA60 (Alcon Laboratories, Texas) IOLs. For the haptic breakage...
Causes of abnormal head postures – literature review
Yadegari reports a narrative literature review for abnormal head postures (AHPs) with discussion on different causes. This review summarises the control of a normal head posture before discussing differences of ocular vs non-ocular AHPs. Ocular AHPs may be adopted to...
Retinal pigment epithelium tears
In this paper the authors review the current knowledge of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears. Although rare these can cause loss of visual acuity. They can occur spontaneously in pigment epithelial detachment (PED) due to occult choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), retinal...The results of the last survey Apr23
*Please be aware that this data does not form part of a peer reviewed research study. The information therein should not be relied upon for clinical purposes but instead used as a guide for clinical practice and reflection. My thanks...How to examine the visual system Part 1: visual acuity, visual fields and eye movements
Asking candidates to perform an examination of the visual system, either as part of a full cranial nerve exam or as an individual entity, is a common station in practical examinations during medical school. It is important to practise for...
