You searched for "sarcoidosis"
Quiz Jun/Jul 2024
3 June 2024
| Christopher Bell, Naomi Kamanga, Ankur Raj
|
EYE - Oncology, EYE - Paediatrics, EYE - Strabismus, EYE - Pathology, EYE - General
History A one-year-old girl originally presented with a red eye, initially bilaterally and later in the left only. On examination a membrane was found on the tarsal conjunctiva of the upper eyelid (Figure 1). Figure 1: Anterior segment. Serum plasminogen...
Ocular characteristics in Marfan syndrome
1 February 2014
| Nana Theodorou
|
EYE - Cataract, EYE - Refractive
|
Marfan syndrome, aphakia, axial length, cataract, ectopia lentis, flattened cornea, myopia, pseudophakia, retinal detachment
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder with clinical manifestations associated with cardiovascular, ocular and skeletal organ systems. Typical signs are descending aortic root aneurysms, ectopia lentis, tall stature and scoliosis. This observational study looked at the ocular characteristics, visual...
Corneal dystrophies simplified
1 February 2017
| Bushra Thajudeen
|
EYE - Cornea
Based on biomicroscopic and histopathologic features, corneal dystrophies can be broadly classified into epithelial, Bowman’s layer / anterior stromal, stromal, and endothelial dystrophies. Corneal dystrophies are a group of inherited, bilateral, gradually progressing, non- inflammatory conditions caused by accumulation of...
Review of bupivacaine use in treatment of strabismus
This review aimed to assess the applications of bupivacaine (B) in the non-surgical treatment of strabismus in human and animal studies. Animal studies show that singly-innervated fibres with low concentrations of mitochondria and developed sarcoplasmic reticulum are more affected by...Neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy with imaging abnormalities in the occipital lobe – how to counsel the parents
Case A baby boy, with a background of intrauterine growth restriction, was born at 37 weeks and three days gestation via forceps delivery. The baby was born in poor condition, with low heart rate, poor respiratory rate, poor colour and...Headaches in ophthalmology (part 2)
Ophthalmologists see a large number of patients with headaches or facial pain in the ophthalmic outpatient clinics or in emergency clinics. Over two articles, I will discuss several causes of headaches, ocular manifestations and proposed management and referral options. It...Principles of management
Whatever section of pathology is to blame and wherever it strikes, the aim of treatment is always the same. Find the cause if you can. Establish the effects of the cause. Halt the pathological process if you can. Reverse its...Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs)
3 October 2022
| Ali Yagan
|
EYE - General
The term congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder (CCDD) was introduced by Gutowski et al. in 2003 to describe strabismus conditions that result from developmental error in innervation of some of the extraocular muscles. Examples of these conditions include Duane’s syndrome and...
The role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of DMO
1 February 2016
| Fiona Harris, Spyridon Chalkiadakis, Simon Taylor (Prof)
|
EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a major cause of visual loss in diabetes, with a complex multifactorial pathogenesis. In the UK alone it is estimated that there are nearly 2.5 million diabetic patients aged over 12 years. Approximately 65,000 of...
Pathophysiology of diabetic macular oedema: why combination therapy may be better
1 October 2015
| Winfried MK Amoaku
|
EYE - Vitreo-Retinal
The prevalence of diabetes has continued to increase over the years. It is currently estimated that there are 382 million with diabetes worldwide in 2013, and that this figure is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035 [1]. In...
