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Congenital monocular strabismus fixus

The authors describe three cases of congenital monocular strabismus fixus with limited ocular motility in all directions. These were three boys aged two, two and 10 years. The right eye was affected in all with primary deviation angles of 30PD...

Tumour characteristics influencing visual field outcomes

This retrospective study aimed to explore correlations between pituitary tumour characteristics which influenced visual field changes. Cases of transsphenoidal surgery from a six-year period resulting in a pathologic diagnosis of pituitary adenoma from a single centre were identified. Individuals were...

Ultrasound biomicroscopy (part 2): primary angle closure

Patients with primary angle closure or primary angle closure glaucoma [PAC(G)] comprise a significant subgroup affecting around 10% of glaucoma patients amongst Caucasians. Assessment of the patient with angle closure, or narrow angles, requires gonioscopy. However, whilst identifying the presence...

Making the most of your foundation year rotation in ophthalmology

Ophthalmology continues to be a highly desirable speciality in the UK; however, medical students usually encounter only minimal exposure, generally ranging from one to two weeks, during their studies [1]. Nevertheless, eye-related conditions represent a considerable share of presentations in...

Lower postoperative scar height is associated with increased postoperative trichiasis one year after bilamellar tarsal rotation surgery

Bilamellar tarsal rotation has been a key component of the WHO SAFE approach to blindness from trichiaisis (surgery, antibiotics, facial hygiene, environment). The World Health Organisation (WHO) manual describes the procedure as a full thickness blepharotomy placed 3.0mm above and...

Statins inhibit TGFβ2 mediated fibrotic response in astrocytes

Glaucoma is a common condition where increased ocular pressure can lead to death of retinal ganglion cells due to impaired drainage of fluid from the eye. One mechanism involved in glaucoma is remodelling of the extracellular matrix at the lamina...

Conference Report: KCL Ophthalmology Society Annual Conference 2025

King’s College London (KCL) Ophthalmology Society 2024/25 hosted the third Annual KCL Ophthalmology National Conference 2025, entitled ‘Advancements and the Future of Ophthalmology’ in London on 5 April 2025. Held at Guy’s Campus, the event drew a wide audience from...

Long-term specular microscopy following Nd: YAG iridotomy in chronic POAG

The aim of this study was to evaluate specular microscopy of chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma (CPACG) eyes at least one year after Nd:YAG iridotomy, and compare them with CPACG eyes without an iridotomy and age-matched, normal eyes. Nd:YAG laser causes...

A standardised strategy for uveitis etiological diagnosis

This was a prospective, non-inferiority, multicentre randomised control trial, which aimed to assess the effectiveness of a standardised approach in the etiological diagnosis of uveitis versus an open strategy, where clinicians could perform any test. The authors developed their standardised...

Development of testing protocols for high and low contrast visual acuity

Dysfunction of the afferent visual system, characterised by impairments in high-contrast visual acuity (HCVA) and low-contrast visual acuity (LCVA) have been demonstrated in some neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. HCVA and LCVA are also potential quantitative...

“Steel True, Blade Straight”

Steven Kerr of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh explores the medical career of Arthur Conan Doyle, his relationship with his mentor Joseph Bell and his fascination with ophthalmology. Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh on the...

Congenital cataract

Congenital cataract is the clouding or opacification of the lens that occurs at birth or weeks after (infantile cataract). They can be unilateral or bilateral and vary in form, size and location, and consequently the visual impact, management course and...